Vives
In ¿Vives con tu familia?, Vives means “you live” and asks one person about their living situation. It is the form used with tú in this question. A reusable pattern is ¿Vives con + person or group? when asking whom someone lives with.
con
Con means “with” in ¿Vives con tu familia? and Vivo con mi hijo. It links vivir to the person or group someone lives with. A common reuse pattern is the verb for “live” followed by con and a person or group.
tu
Tu means “your” in tu familia and identifies the family connected to the person being addressed. It appears before the noun it specifies. A common pattern is tu + singular noun when referring to something belonging to one person.
familia
Familia means “family” in tu familia. Here it refers to the family the person may live with. It can be used after a possessive word to talk about someone’s family.
Vivo
In Vivo con mi hijo., Vivo means “I live” and states where or with whom the speaker lives. It is the form used for the speaker. A reusable pattern is Vivo con + person or group.
mi
Mi means “my” in mi hijo and shows that the child belongs to or is connected with the speaker. It appears directly before the noun it specifies. A common pattern is mi + singular noun when referring to something connected with one person.
hijo
Hijo means “child” here in mi hijo and identifies the child the speaker lives with. In this phrase, mi comes before hijo to show the relationship to the speaker. It is useful when talking about a child or son in a family context.
También
También means “also” or “too” in ¿También hay una mascota en casa? It adds the pet question to the earlier topic about family and living arrangements. It can be used to add another fact or question to an ongoing conversation.
hay
Hay means “there is” or “there are” in hay una mascota and says that a pet is present at home. It is used to introduce something that exists or is located somewhere. A common pattern is hay + noun when saying that something is present.
una
Una means “a” in una mascota. It appears before mascota and identifies one unspecified pet. The form una is used before the singular noun mascota.
mascota
Mascota means “pet” in una mascota. Here it refers to an animal kept at home as a companion. It is useful when talking generally about a household pet.
en
En means “at” or “in” in en casa and introduces the place where the pet is. Here it connects the location to casa rather than expressing the whole meaning of “at home” by itself. It is commonly used before a place.
casa
Casa means “home” or “house” in en casa. In this dialogue, it names the home as the location of the pet. The expression en casa is used when saying that someone or something is at home.
Tenemos
In Tenemos un perro pequeño., Tenemos means “we have” and states that the speakers have a dog. It is the form used for the speaker together with at least one other person. A reusable pattern is Tenemos + thing or person.
un
Un means “a” in un perro and introduces one unspecified dog. It appears before perro and matches the singular masculine noun in this phrase. A common pattern is un + singular masculine noun.
perro
Perro means “dog” in un perro pequeño. Here it identifies the pet that the speakers have. It is useful for talking about a dog as an animal or household pet.
pequeño
Pequeño means “small” in perro pequeño and describes the dog’s size. In this phrase, it comes after perro and adds information about the pet. It is useful when describing the size of an animal or object.
Cómo
Cómo means “how” in ¿Cómo se llevan? and asks about the way two people or animals relate to each other. It introduces a question about their relationship in this dialogue. A common pattern is ¿Cómo + verb...? when asking how something happens or how someone is doing something.
se llevan
Se llevan as a whole means “get along” in ¿Cómo se llevan? and asks about the relationship between the child and the dog. Se marks the pronominal form used in this expression, while llevan is the verb form used with the plural subjects. A reusable pattern is ¿Cómo se llevan? when asking how people or animals relate to one another.
Juegan
In Juegan juntos todos los días., Juegan means “they play” and describes what the child and dog do. It is the form used for the plural subjects. It can be used to say that several people or animals play.
juntos
Juntos means “together” in Juegan juntos todos los días and shows that the subjects share the action. It adds the idea that they play with one another rather than separately. It is useful after an action when emphasizing a shared activity.
todos
Todos means “every” in todos los días. Together with los días, it forms the time expression “every day” in the dialogue. Use todos los días to say that an action happens each day.
los
Los means “the” in los días and appears before the plural noun días. It is part of the expression todos los días. A common pattern is los + plural noun when referring to specific plural things.
días
Días means “days” in todos los días. In this expression, it refers to each day on which the child and dog play. Together with todos, it forms a common way to say that something happens every day.