Olvidé
“Olvidé” means “I forgot” in “Olvidé mi bolsa de compras.” It is the past form of olvidar; use “Olvidé” followed by the thing that was forgotten.
mi
“Mi” means “my” and comes before the thing that belongs to the speaker, as in “mi bolsa.” It is used with a singular noun here.
bolsa
“Bolsa” means “bag” in “mi bolsa de compras.” Use it with a type or purpose after de, as in “bolsa de compras.”
de
In “bolsa de compras,” “de” links bolsa with its purpose, giving the meaning “shopping bag.” This pattern can connect a noun with what it is for or associated with.
compras
“Compras” means “shopping” or “groceries” in “bolsa de compras.” Here it identifies the bag as one used for shopping; it also appears in “tus compras” for the groceries being bought.
Aquí
“Aquí” means “here” and points to the place where the bag can be bought, as in “Aquí puedes comprar una bolsa.” It commonly appears before a verb to present what is available here.
puedes
“Puedes” means “you can” in “puedes comprar.” It is a form of poder followed by an infinitive, so “puedes comprar” expresses that the person addressed is able or allowed to buy.
comprar
“Comprar” means “buy” in “puedes comprar una bolsa.” It is the infinitive used after puedes; use it before the thing being bought.
una
“Una” means “a” or “one” before the singular noun “bolsa” in “una bolsa.” It introduces one unspecified bag.
me
“Me” refers to the speaker as the person affected in “me ayudaría,” meaning that the bag would help me. It commonly appears before the verb when the speaker is the person receiving the effect.
ayudaría
“Ayudaría” means “would help” in “Una bolsa de compras me ayudaría.” It is the conditional form of ayudar and presents the bag as something that would be useful; use it with the person or thing that would be helped.
Vas
In “Vas a pagar,” “Vas” contributes the meaning “you are going to” for a planned payment. Together with a and an infinitive, it asks about an intended action.
a
In “Vas a pagar,” “a” comes between Vas and the infinitive pagar to form the expression for an intended action. The reusable pattern is “Vas a” followed by an infinitive.
pagar
“Pagar” means “pay” in “Vas a pagar” and “Pagaré con tarjeta.” It is the infinitive after “Vas a” and names the payment action.
con
“Con” means “with” and gives the payment method in “con tarjeta.” In this context, it is used to say that payment is made by card.
tarjeta
“Tarjeta” means “card” in “con tarjeta.” Use it after con when naming card payment.
o
“O” means “or” and connects the two payment choices in “con tarjeta o en efectivo.” It is used between alternatives.
en
In “en efectivo,” “en” contributes the payment-method meaning “by” or “in.” The complete expression “en efectivo” means paying with cash.
efectivo
“Efectivo” means “cash” in “en efectivo.” Use it after en to name cash as the payment method.
Pagaré
“Pagaré” means “I will pay” in “Pagaré con tarjeta.” It is the future form of pagar and can be followed by the payment method.
Necesitas
“Necesitas” means “you need” in the question “¿Necesitas un recibo?” It is used before the thing the person needs, here un recibo.
un
“Un” means “a” or “one” before “recibo” in “un recibo.” It introduces one unspecified receipt.
recibo
“Recibo” means “receipt” in “¿Necesitas un recibo?” It names the document the customer may need after paying.
Por favor
“Por favor” is the complete polite expression “please” in “Por favor, pon el recibo en la bolsa.” Por means “for” and favor means “favor,” but together they form the fixed expression used to soften a request.
pon
“Pon” means “put” in the request “Pon el recibo en la bolsa.” It is used to tell someone to place an object somewhere, following the pattern “pon” plus object plus en plus place.
están
“Están” means “are” in “Aquí están tus compras,” presenting the groceries as being here. It is a form of estar used with the plural “tus compras.”
tus
“Tus” means “your” before the plural noun “compras” in “tus compras.” It marks that the groceries belong to or are intended for the person addressed.
Ahora
“Ahora” means “now” and places the action in the present moment in “Ahora puedo llevarlas.” It commonly appears before a verb to show when an action can happen.
puedo
“Puedo” means “I can” or “I am able to” in “puedo llevarlas.” It is a form of poder followed by an infinitive to express ability.
llevarlas
“Llevarlas” means “carry them” in “Ahora puedo llevarlas.” It combines llevar, “carry,” with las, which refers back to the feminine plural “tus compras”; use it after puedo to say that the speaker can carry them.