Empecé
“Empecé” means started in “Empecé a hacer jogging.” It tells us that the jogging began in the past. A reusable pattern is “empezar a” followed by an infinitive to say that an activity has begun.
a
In “Empecé a hacer jogging,” “a” links “Empecé” with the following infinitive “hacer.” Together, “Empecé a hacer jogging” means that the speaker started doing jogging. A common reuse pattern is “empezar a” plus an infinitive.
hacer
In “Empecé a hacer jogging,” “hacer” means do or practice as part of the activity expression. It follows “a” after “Empecé.” A useful pattern is “hacer” plus an activity to describe doing or practicing it.
jogging
“jogging” names the jogging activity in “Empecé a hacer jogging” and “Quiero hacer jogging.” It is used after “hacer” to say that someone does or practices jogging. This form is useful when talking about jogging as a hobby or exercise.
después
“después” means after in “después del trabajo.” It places the start of the jogging later than the work period. It is commonly followed by a time or event that happens first.
del
“del” means of the or after the in “después del trabajo.” It is the contracted form of de plus el, used before “trabajo.” This form commonly connects “después” with a specific masculine singular noun.
trabajo
“trabajo” means work in “después del trabajo.” It identifies the activity or period after which the speaker started jogging. It can follow “del” when referring to the work period.
Cómo
“Cómo” means how in “¿Cómo va hasta ahora?” The question asks about the way or state in which something is progressing. It is useful in questions about how an activity or situation is going.
va
In “¿Cómo va hasta ahora?”, “va” means is going or progressing rather than simply moving from one place to another. It asks for an update on the jogging experience. This use commonly appears in questions about an activity or situation.
hasta ahora
“hasta ahora” means so far: “hasta” marks the limit up to which, and “ahora” means now. In “¿Cómo va hasta ahora?”, the expression asks about progress up to the present moment. It can be used when giving a current update on something that began earlier.
Mi
“Mi” means my in “Mi ritmo es lento.” It shows that the rhythm belongs to the speaker. It is placed before the noun it describes, as in “Mi ritmo.”
ritmo
“ritmo” means pace in “Mi ritmo es lento.” Here it refers to the speed at which the speaker runs. It can be followed by a description such as “es lento” to assess that pace.
es
In “Mi ritmo es lento,” “es” means is and links “ritmo” with the description “lento.” It is used to describe what something is like or how it is. A reusable pattern is a noun followed by “es” and a description.
lento
“lento” means slow in “Mi ritmo es lento.” It describes the speaker’s running pace. It can follow “es” to give a description of a pace or another thing.
pero
“pero” means but in “Mi ritmo es lento, pero estoy mejorando.” It introduces a contrast between the slow pace and the speaker’s improvement. It is commonly used to join two contrasting statements.
estoy
In “estoy mejorando,” “estoy” means I am and presents the speaker’s current state. Together with “mejorando,” it describes improvement that is happening now. A useful pattern is “estoy” followed by an ongoing activity or change.
mejorando
“mejorando” means improving in “estoy mejorando.” It describes the speaker’s progress in the jogging activity. It is used after “estoy” to talk about improvement that is currently taking place.
Tienes
“Tienes” means do you have in “¿Tienes una ruta habitual?” It asks whether the other person has a regular route. It is used before a noun when asking about possession or availability.
una
“una” means a or one in “una ruta habitual.” It introduces one non-specific route and matches the noun “ruta” in this phrase. It is placed before a singular noun.
ruta
“ruta” means route in “una ruta habitual.” Here it refers to the path the person normally follows while running. It can be described by a word such as “habitual” after the noun.
habitual
“habitual” means regular or usual in “una ruta habitual.” It says that the route is used repeatedly rather than only once. It follows “ruta” in this expression and can describe a repeated routine.
Normalmente
“Normalmente” means usually or normally in “Normalmente corro alrededor del parque.” It shows that running around the park is a regular habit. It is often placed at the beginning of a sentence before the verb.
corro
“corro” means I run in “Normalmente corro alrededor del parque.” It describes the speaker’s own running activity. The citation form is correr, and this form can be used with a place or route phrase.
alrededor
In “alrededor del parque,” “alrededor” means around and indicates the area surrounding the park. It tells us where the speaker runs. It is commonly followed by de plus a noun when expressing around something.
parque
“parque” means park in “alrededor del parque.” It names the place around which the speaker runs. After “del,” it identifies the specific place connected with “alrededor.”
Qué
“Qué” means what in “¿Qué meta quieres alcanzar?” It asks which goal the other person wants to achieve. It is placed before a noun when asking what thing or goal is meant.
meta
“meta” means goal in “¿Qué meta quieres alcanzar?” It refers to the result the speaker wants to achieve by jogging. The dialogue also uses “meta” in “una meta realista,” showing that it can be described by an adjective.
quieres
“quieres” means you want in “¿Qué meta quieres alcanzar?” It asks about the other person’s desired goal. It is followed by an infinitive when asking what someone wants to do.
alcanzar
In “¿Qué meta quieres alcanzar?”, “alcanzar” means reach or achieve the goal. It follows “quieres” in a pattern expressing what someone wants to accomplish. It can be used with a goal or another result as its object.
Quiero
“Quiero” means I want in “Quiero hacer jogging sin parar.” It states the speaker’s desire or intention. A reusable pattern is “Quiero” followed by an infinitive to say what the speaker wants to do.
sin
In “sin parar,” “sin” means without and introduces an action that does not happen. It shows that the speaker wants to jog without stopping. It is commonly followed by an infinitive when describing an action that is absent.
parar
In “sin parar,” “parar” means to stop or stopping. With “sin,” it describes continuing the jogging without stopping. A reusable pattern is “sin” plus an infinitive to say without doing something.
realista
“realista” means realistic in “Es una meta realista.” It describes the goal as possible or practical. It follows the noun “meta” and can be used to assess a goal or plan.
si
“si” means if in “si progresas poco a poco.” It introduces the condition under which the goal is considered realistic. It connects a condition with the result or conclusion that follows.
progresas
“progresas” means you progress in “si progresas poco a poco.” It describes gradual improvement by the person being addressed. After “si,” it states the condition for the realistic goal.
poco a poco
“poco a poco” means little by little or gradually: the first “poco” refers to a small amount, “a” links the repeated parts, and the second “poco” repeats that idea. In “si progresas poco a poco,” it describes progress happening step by step. It is commonly used with verbs of change or progress.