About This Lesson
Use Planning tomorrow's breakfast groceries to practice Japanese conversation, pronunciation, vocabulary, grammar, and quizzes.
Dialogue
A
今日は何を買いましょうか。
KYOH wa NAH-nee oh kai-mah-SHOH kah What should we buy today?
B
明日の朝ごはんのものが必要です。
ah-SHEE-tah no ah-sah-GOH-hahn no MOH-noh gah hee-TSOO-yoh dess We need things for tomorrow's breakfast.
A
では、パンとバターが必要です。
deh-WA, PAHN toh BAH-tah gah hee-TSOO-yoh dess Then we need bread and butter.
B
ヨーグルトも必要ですか。
YOH-guh-roo-toh moh hee-TSOO-yoh dess kah Do we need yogurt too?
A
パンをいちごジャムと一緒に食べたいです。
PAHN oh ee-chee-goh JAH-moo toh ee-SHOH-nee tah-beh-TAI dess I want to eat it with strawberry jam.
B
では、ヨーグルトとジャムを買いましょう。
deh-WA, YOH-guh-roo-toh toh JAH-moo oh kai-mah-SHOH Then let's get yogurt and jam.Word by Word
今日
今日 means “today” in 今日は何を買いましょうか。 It sets the time for the shopping decision. Use 今日 when talking about plans or events on the current day.
は
は marks 今日 as the topic in 今日は何を買いましょうか。 The question is about what to buy today. A reliable pattern is a time or topic followed by は and then the information about it.
何
何 asks “what” in 今日は何を買いましょうか。 Here it asks which items the speakers should buy. A common reuse pattern is 何を followed by an action verb when asking what someone will do.
を
を marks 何 as the object of 買いましょう in 今日は何を買いましょうか。 It shows what is being bought. A reliable pattern is an object followed by を and then the verb for the action.
買いましょう
買いましょう means “shall we buy” in 今日は何を買いましょうか。 It presents buying as a joint suggestion. In a shopping conversation, use the pattern itemを買いましょう to suggest buying an item together.
か
か turns 今日は何を買いましょう into a question in 今日は何を買いましょうか。 It signals that the speaker is asking for a decision or response. A reliable pattern is a polite sentence followed by か when asking a question.
明日
明日 means “tomorrow” in 明日の朝ごはんのものが必要です。 It identifies when the breakfast will be eaten. Use 明日 when discussing plans or events on the following day.
の
の links 明日 and 朝ごはん in 明日の朝ごはんのものが必要です, giving the meaning “tomorrow’s breakfast.” It connects one noun with another noun. A reliable reuse pattern is nounのnoun for a relationship such as time or association.
朝ごはん
朝ごはん means “breakfast” in 明日の朝ごはんのものが必要です。 It names the meal for which the shopping items are needed. Use 朝ごはん when discussing the morning meal or plans for it.
もの
もの means “things” or “items” in 明日の朝ごはんのものが必要です。 Here it refers to the items needed for breakfast, rather than naming each item separately. The pattern Xのもの can refer to things associated with X, such as items for a particular purpose.
が
が marks 明日の朝ごはんのもの as the thing that is needed in 明日の朝ごはんのものが必要です。 It identifies the item or items described as necessary. A reliable pattern is nounが必要です for saying that something is needed.
必要
必要 describes something as “needed” or “necessary” in 明日の朝ごはんのものが必要です。 Together with です, ものが必要です says that the items are needed. Use the pattern nounが必要です when explaining a need.
です
です gives a polite sentence ending in 明日の朝ごはんのものが必要です and パンとバターが必要です。 It presents the statement politely after the description of what is needed. Use it when making a polite statement in a conversation such as a shopping discussion.
では
では means “then” or “in that case” in では、パンとバターが必要です and では、ヨーグルトとジャムを買いましょう。 It connects the previous information to the next shopping decision. Here で provides the linking frame and は marks that frame, so the two components work together as the transition では.
パン
パン means “bread” in では、パンとバターが必要です and パンをいちごジャムと一緒に食べたいです。 It is one of the breakfast items being considered and the food the speaker wants to eat with jam. Use パン when naming bread as a food item or shopping item.
と
と has two functions in this dialogue. In パンとバター it joins two items with the meaning “and,” while in いちごジャムと一緒に it marks what something is together with, meaning “with.” Use パンとバター to list items and Xと一緒に + verb to describe doing something with X.
バター
バター means “butter” in では、パンとバターが必要です。 It is listed as one of the items needed for breakfast. Use バター when naming butter in a food or shopping context.
ヨーグルト
ヨーグルト means “yogurt” in ヨーグルトも必要ですか and では、ヨーグルトとジャムを買いましょう。 It is an additional breakfast item that the speakers consider buying. Use ヨーグルト when asking about or naming yogurt as a food item.
も
も means “also” or “too” in ヨーグルトも必要ですか。 It adds yogurt to the items already under discussion. A reliable reuse pattern is nounも when adding another person or thing to the same situation.
いちご
いちご means “strawberry” in いちごジャムと一緒に. It specifies the flavor or type of jam in the dialogue. Use いちご before a food noun when identifying a strawberry-based food, as in いちごジャム.
ジャム
ジャム means “jam” in いちごジャムと一緒に and ヨーグルトとジャムを買いましょう。 In the first expression it is strawberry jam, and in the final shopping suggestion it is listed as an item to buy. Use ジャム when naming jam as a food or shopping item.
一緒
一緒 means “together” in いちごジャムと一緒に食べたいです。 With と and に, it describes eating the bread together with strawberry jam. A reliable reuse pattern is Xと一緒に + verb for doing something with X.
に
に helps form いちごジャムと一緒に, meaning “together with strawberry jam.” It completes the expression that describes what accompanies the eating action. Use the pattern Xと一緒に + verb when describing doing something along with X.
食べたい
食べたい means “want to eat” in パンをいちごジャムと一緒に食べたいです。 It expresses the speaker’s desire to eat bread with strawberry jam. A reliable reuse pattern is Xを食べたい when saying that you want to eat X.
Grammar Points
～ましょう
何を買いましょうか。
NAH-nee oh kai-mah-SHOH kahWhat shall we buy?
The polite volitional form ～ましょう suggests “let’s…” or asks “shall we…?”
～たい
一緒に食べたいです。
ee-SHOH-nee tah-beh-TAI dessI want to eat together.
Attach ～たい to a verb stem to express a desire to do something: “want to…”.
Japanese Vocabulary
いちごジャム
noun
ee-chee-goh JAH-moo
strawberry jam
パンをいちごジャムと一緒に食べたいです。
では
phrase
deh-WA
then; well then
では、パンとバターが必要です。
バター
noun
BAH-tah
butter
パンとバターが必要です。
パン
noun
PAHN
bread
パンとバターが必要です。
もの
noun
MOH-noh
things; items
明日の朝ごはんのものが必要です。
ヨーグルト
noun
YOH-guh-roo-toh
yogurt
ヨーグルトも必要ですか。
何
pron
NAH-nee
what
今日は何を買いましょうか。
今日
noun
KYOH
today
今日は何を買いましょうか。
朝ごはん
noun
ah-sah-GOH-hahn
breakfast
明日の朝ごはんのものが必要です。
買いましょう
verb
kai-mah-SHOH
let's buy; shall we buy?
今日は何を買いましょうか。
必要
adj
hee-TSOO-yoh
necessary; needed
ものが必要です。
明日
noun
ah-SHEE-tah
tomorrow
明日の朝ごはんのものが必要です。
Quiz
Spelling
Tap the letters to spell the word.
let's buy; shall we buy?
Show Answer
買いましょうbreakfast
Show Answer
朝ごはんyogurt
Show Answer
ヨーグルトstrawberry jam