About This Lesson
Use Handling a Broken Umbrella in the Rain to practice Japanese conversation, pronunciation, vocabulary, grammar, and quizzes.
Dialogue
A
強い風で、私の傘が壊れました。
tsoo-YOH-ee KAH-zeh deh, wah-TAH-shee noh KAH-sah gah koh-wah-reh-mah-SHTAH My umbrella broke in the strong wind.
B
濡れる前に、屋根の下に来てください。
noo-REH-roo MAH-eh nee, yah-neh noh SHEE-tah nee KEE-teh koo-dah-SIGH Come under the shelter before you get soaked.
A
雨は見たときより強く降っています。
AH-meh wah mee-TAH TOH-kee yoh-ree tsoo-YOH-koo FOOT-teh ee-MAHSS The rain is heavier than it looked.
B
私の予備の傘を借りてもいいです。
wah-TAH-shee noh yoh-BEE noh KAH-sah oh kah-REE-teh moh EEE dehss You can borrow my extra umbrella.
A
本当にそれがなくても大丈夫ですか。
hohn-TOH-nee soh-REH gah nah-KOO-teh moh dyee-JOH-boo dehss kah Are you sure you don't need it?
B
レインコートがあるので、大丈夫です。
RAYN-koh-toh gah ah-ROO noh-deh, dyee-JOH-boo dehss I have a raincoat, so I can manage.
A
明日、返せます。
ah-SHEE-tah, kah-eh-seh-MAHSS I can bring it back tomorrow.
B
帰る途中は、濡れないようにしてください。
KAH-eh-roo toh-CHOO wah, noo-reh-NAH-ee yoh-oo nee SHEE-teh koo-dah-SIGH Just stay dry on your way home.Word by Word
強い
In 「強い風」, 「強い」 means strong and describes the wind. It is the basic form used directly before a noun, as in 「強い風」; a new example is 「強い雨」 for heavy rain.
風
In 「強い風」, 「風」 means wind, the weather condition that caused the umbrella to break. It commonly combines with descriptions such as 「強い風」. You can use it when talking about weather outside.
で
In 「強い風で」, 「で」 shows that the strong wind was the cause of the umbrella breaking. A reusable pattern is 「原因で結果」, such as a new example 「雨で電車が遅れました」. Use it when explaining what caused an event.
私
In 「私の傘」, 「私」 refers to the speaker and means I or my in this context. With 「の」, it identifies whose umbrella it is. Use it when referring to yourself or something belonging to you.
の
In 「私の傘」, 「の」 connects 「私」 with 「傘」 and shows possession, meaning my umbrella. The reusable pattern is 「person の object」. Use it to identify the owner of an object.
傘
In 「私の傘」, 「傘」 means umbrella, the item that broke in the wind. It commonly appears with an owner or description, as in 「私の傘」. Use it when discussing protection from rain.
が
In 「私の傘が壊れました」, 「が」 marks 「私の傘」 as the thing that broke. A reusable pattern is 「object が 壊れました」. Use it when stating what has broken or stopped working.
壊れました
In 「傘が壊れました」, 「壊れました」 means broke or became unusable, referring to the umbrella. It is the polite past form of 「壊れる」. Use it to report that an object has broken, such as in a new example 「時計が壊れました」.
濡れる
In 「濡れる前に」, 「濡れる」 means to get wet, especially from the rain. It appears before 「前に」 to describe something that should happen before getting wet. Use it when talking about becoming wet from rain or water.
前
In 「濡れる前に」, 「前」 means before and places the next action before getting wet. The reusable pattern is 「verb 前に」, meaning before doing that action. Use it to give a deadline for an action.
に
In 「濡れる前に」, 「に」 completes the time expression and marks when the person should come: before getting wet. The pattern is 「verb 前に」. Use it after a time expression when describing when an action occurs.
屋根
In 「屋根の下」, 「屋根」 means roof and refers here to the shelter overhead. With 「の下」, it identifies the area underneath the roof. Use it when directing someone to sheltered space.
下
In 「屋根の下」, 「下」 means under or below, so the phrase means under the roof. The reusable pattern is 「noun の下」 for the area below something. Use it to describe a sheltered or lower location.
来て
In 「来てください」, 「来て」 asks the listener to come toward the speaker or the indicated shelter. It is the form used before 「ください」 in a polite request. Use the pattern 「verbてください」 when asking someone politely to do something.
ください
In 「来てください」, 「ください」 makes the request polite: please come. It follows the 「て」 form of the requested action. Use 「verbてください」 for a polite request, such as a new example 「待ってください」.
雨
In 「雨は」, 「雨」 means rain and is the topic being discussed. It is compared with how it appeared earlier in 「見たとき」. Use it when describing current weather or rain conditions.
は
In 「雨は」, 「は」 marks 「雨」 as the topic of the sentence. The sentence then gives information about the rain, saying that it is falling heavily. Use 「は」 to set the main topic or situation for a statement.
見た
In 「見たとき」, 「見た」 means looked at or saw, referring to the earlier time when the rain was observed. It is the past form related to 「見る」. Use 「verbたとき」 to refer to the time when an action happened.
とき
In 「見たとき」, 「とき」 means time or when, turning the earlier observation into a time reference. The reusable pattern is 「verbたとき」, meaning when someone did something. Use it to compare a current situation with an earlier moment.
より
In 「見たときより」, 「より」 means than or compared with and sets the earlier observation as the comparison point. The pattern is 「Aより」 when describing something relative to A. Use it when saying that a current condition differs from an earlier one.
強く
In 「強く降っています」, 「強く」 means heavily or strongly and describes how the rain is falling. It is the adverbial form related to 「強い」. Use it before an action to describe strong intensity, such as a new example 「風が強く吹いています」.
降っています
In 「雨は強く降っています」, 「降っています」 means is falling or is raining, describing rain that is happening now. It is the polite form used for the ongoing rain in this sentence. Use it when reporting current rain or snow.
予備
In 「予備の傘」, 「予備」 means extra or spare, so 「予備の傘」 is an umbrella kept for use when needed. The pattern is 「予備の + noun」. Use it when offering or discussing a backup item.
を
In 「予備の傘を借りてもいいです」, 「を」 marks 「予備の傘」 as the object of borrowing. The reusable pattern is 「object を verb」. Use it to show what someone borrows, uses, or handles.
借りて
In 「借りてもいいです」, 「借りて」 means borrow and introduces the question of whether borrowing is allowed. It is the form used before 「もいいです」 in this permission expression. Use 「借りてもいいですか」 as a new example when asking permission to borrow something.
も
In 「借りてもいいです」, 「も」 is part of the expression asking whether an action is acceptable or permitted. Together with 「いいです」, it gives the meaning may I borrow it or is it okay to borrow it. Use the pattern 「verbてもいいですか」 to ask for permission.
いい
In 「借りてもいいです」, 「いい」 means okay or acceptable, not simply good. Together with 「ても」 and 「です」, it expresses permission for borrowing the umbrella. Use 「verbてもいいですか」 when asking whether an action is allowed.
です
In 「借りてもいいです」, 「です」 makes the permission statement polite and complete. Here it follows 「いい」 in the expression meaning it is okay. Use it in polite statements such as a new example 「大丈夫です」.
本当に
In 「本当にそれがなくても大丈夫ですか」, 「本当に」 means really or truly and emphasizes that the speaker wants confirmation. It commonly comes before the statement or question being emphasized. Use it when checking whether someone is genuinely okay with a situation.
それ
In 「それがなくても」, 「それ」 refers to the umbrella that was just offered. It is used for that item without repeating 「傘」. Use it when pointing back to an already mentioned thing.
なくて
In 「それがなくても大丈夫ですか」, 「なくて」 expresses not having or being without the umbrella as part of the question about managing without it. With 「も」 and 「大丈夫ですか」, the sentence asks whether the listener will be okay without that item. Use a pattern such as 「nounがなくても大丈夫ですか」 when checking whether someone can manage without something.
大丈夫
In 「大丈夫ですか」, 「大丈夫」 means okay or all right, asking whether the person can manage without the umbrella. It is commonly used with 「ですか」 to check someone's condition or situation. Use it when reassuring someone or asking if help is needed.
か
In 「大丈夫ですか」, 「か」 marks the sentence as a question. It turns the polite statement about being okay into a request for confirmation. Use it at the end of a polite question.
レインコート
In 「レインコートがある」, 「レインコート」 means raincoat, the clothing that protects the speaker from the rain. It is the thing the speaker has instead of needing the umbrella. Use it when discussing rain protection or clothing.
ある
In 「レインコートがあるので」, 「ある」 means have or there is, referring to the raincoat being available to the speaker. It is used with an inanimate item such as a raincoat. Use the pattern 「nounがある」 to say that an object is present or available.
ので
In 「レインコートがあるので」, 「ので」 means because or since and gives the reason the speaker can manage. It connects the reason to the result that follows. Use 「reasonので、result」 when giving a polite explanation.
明日
In 「明日、返せます」, 「明日」 means tomorrow and sets the time for returning the umbrella. It commonly appears at the beginning of a sentence before the action. Use it when making a plan or promise for the next day.
返せます
In 「明日、返せます」, 「返せます」 means can return, referring to returning the borrowed umbrella. It expresses the speaker's ability or plan to return it tomorrow. Use it with an object when needed, such as the new example 「本を返せます」.
帰る
In 「帰る途中」, 「帰る」 means go home or return home. It directly modifies 「途中」 to describe the way home. Use the pattern 「帰る途中」 when talking about something that happens while going home.
途中
In 「帰る途中」, 「途中」 means on the way or during the journey, here referring to the journey home. The reusable pattern is 「verb dictionary form + 途中」, such as 「帰る途中」. Use it to describe something happening before reaching the destination.
濡れない
In 「濡れないようにしてください」, 「濡れない」 means not get wet or stay dry. It is the negative form related to 「濡れる」 and describes the state the listener should maintain on the way home. Use it when telling someone to avoid getting wet.
よう
In 「濡れないようにしてください」, 「よう」 marks the intended result or state: so that the listener does not get wet. The reusable pattern is 「verbないようにしてください」 for asking someone to make sure something does not happen. Use it for practical cautions or instructions.
して
In 「濡れないようにしてください」, 「して」 completes the polite request expression 「ようにしてください」. It asks the listener to take care that the stated result occurs, here staying dry. Use the pattern 「ようにしてください」 when giving a polite instruction or precaution.
Grammar Points
〜てもいいです
予備の傘を借りてもいいですか。
yoh-BEE noh KAH-sah oh kah-REE-teh moh EEE dehss kahMay I borrow the spare umbrella?
This pattern asks for permission. Attach てもいいですか to the て-form of a verb.
〜ようにしてください
濡れないようにしてください。
noo-reh-NAH-ee yoh-oo nee SHEE-teh koo-dah-SIGHPlease try not to get wet.
This expression gives a request or instruction meaning “please make sure to…”. Use the plain form before ようにしてください.
Japanese Vocabulary
雨
noun
AH-meh
rain
雨は
屋根
noun
yah-neh
roof; shelter
屋根の下
下
noun
SHEE-tah
under; below
屋根の下
壊れる
verb
koh-wah-REH-roo
to break
壊れました
傘が壊れました
強い
adj
tsoo-YOH-ee
strong
強い風
見る
verb
MEE-roo
to look; to see
見た
見たときより
降る
verb
FOO-roo
to fall; to rain
降っています
強く降っています
傘
noun
KAH-sah
umbrella
私の傘
借りる
verb
kah-REE-roo
to borrow
借りてもいいです
傘を借りてもいいです
濡れる
verb
noo-REH-roo
to get wet
濡れる前に
風
noun
KAH-zeh
wind
強い風で
予備
noun
yoh-BEE
spare; extra
予備の傘
Quiz
Spelling
Tap the letters to spell the word.
to break
Show Answer
壊れましたto borrow
Show Answer
借りてもいいですto fall; to rain
Show Answer
降っていますstrong