About This Lesson
Use Choosing an activity when the weather may change to practice Japanese conversation, pronunciation, vocabulary, grammar, and quizzes.
Dialogue
A
天気が変わるかもしれないので、活動を選ぶのは難しく感じます。
ten-KEE gah kah-WAH-roo kah-moh-shee-REH-nai noh-deh, kah-tsoo-DOH oh eh-RAH-boo noh-wah moo-zoo-kah-SHEE-koo kahn-JEE-mahs. The weather may change, so choosing an activity feels difficult.
B
雨が降っても室内でできるものを選びましょう。
AH-meh gah FOOT-teh-moh SHEE-tsu-nai deh deh-KEE-roo moh-noh oh eh-RAH-bee-mah-SHOH. Pick something that still works indoors if it rains.
A
屋外のマーケットは楽しそうですが、雨だと快適に過ごせないかもしれません。
oh-koo-GAI noh MAH-keh-toh wah tah-noo-SHEE-soh dess gah, AH-meh dah-toh kai-TEH-kee nee soo-GOH-seh-nai kah-moh-shee-REHN-mah-sen. The outdoor market sounds fun, but rain could make it uncomfortable.
B
天気が悪くなったら、博物館のほうが楽です。
ten-KEE gah wah-roo-koo nah-tah-rah, hah-koo-boo-TSOO-kahn noh hoh gah RAH-koo dess. A museum would be easier if the weather turns bad.
A
それなら、その日の予定を取りやめずに柔軟に対応できます。
soh-reh-NAH-rah, soh-noh HEE noh yoh-TAY oh toh-ree-yah-MEH-zoo nee joo-NAHN nee tai-OH deh-KEE-mahs. That gives us flexibility without canceling the day.
B
みんなが出発する前に、主な計画と室内の選択肢を伝えてください。
MEEN-nah gah SHOOP-pah-tsoo soo-roo MAI nee, oh-MOH-nah keh-KAH-koo toh SHEE-tsu-nai noh sen-TAH-koo-shee oh tsu-TAI-teh koo-dah-SAI. Tell everyone the main plan and the indoor option before they leave.
A
会う前に、両方の選択肢を送ります。
ah-OO MAI nee, RYOH-hoh noh sen-TAH-koo-shee oh oh-KOO-ree-mahs. I will send both choices before we meet.
B
早めに代案を知っていれば、人は変更にうまく対応できます。
HAI-meh nee dai-AHN oh SHEET-teh ee-REH-bah, HEE-toh wah hen-KOH nee oo-MAH-koo tai-OH deh-KEE-mahs. People handle changes better when they know the alternative early.Word by Word
天気
「天気」 means the weather in this dialogue, specifically the weather that may change. It is marked as the subject in 「天気が変わるかもしれないので」. Use it when discussing weather as a reason for a plan or decision.
が
「が」 marks 「天気」 as what may change in 「天気が変わるかもしれない」. It identifies the subject of the following event. This pattern is useful when stating what changes, happens, or exists.
変わる
「変わる」 means “change” here, referring to the weather becoming different. It is the plain non-past form of 変わる and appears before 「かもしれない」 in 「天気が変わるかもしれない」. Use it when describing a possible change in conditions or plans.
かもしれない
「かもしれない」 expresses that something may or might happen; here, 「天気が変わるかもしれない」 means the weather may change. 「かも」 signals possibility, while 「しれない」 completes the possibility expression. It can be followed by 「ので」 here to give a reason for a decision.
ので
「ので」 means “because” or “since” in 「天気が変わるかもしれないので」. It connects the possible weather change with the difficulty of choosing an activity. Use it after a reason when explaining why something is done or judged a certain way.
活動
「活動」 means an activity in 「活動を選ぶ」. It is the thing being selected because the speakers are deciding what to do. Use it when discussing an organized, planned, or shared activity.
を
「を」 marks 「活動」 as the object of 「選ぶ」 in 「活動を選ぶ」. It shows what is being chosen. This particle commonly follows the object of an action verb.
選ぶ
「選ぶ」 means “choose” in 「活動を選ぶ」. It is the plain form used inside the phrase describing the act of choosing an activity. Use it when selecting one thing from several possibilities.
の
In 「活動を選ぶのは難しく感じます」, 「の」 turns 「活動を選ぶ」 into a noun-like phrase, “choosing an activity.” This lets the whole action become the topic of the evaluation. It is useful before expressions that describe or evaluate an action.
は
「は」 marks 「活動を選ぶの」 as the topic in 「活動を選ぶのは難しく感じます」. The sentence comments on how difficult that action feels. Use it to set an action or thing as the topic before giving information about it.
難しく
「難しく」 means “difficult” in 「難しく感じます」. It is the linking form of 難しい used before 感じます to describe how the action is experienced. Use this form when saying that something feels difficult.
感じます
「感じます」 means “feel” or “experience” here, as in 「難しく感じます」, “feel difficult.” It is the polite non-past form of 感じる. Use it when politely describing a personal impression or reaction.
雨
「雨」 means rain in the condition 「雨が降っても」. It is the weather event that the chosen activity should still accommodate. Use it when discussing rain as a condition affecting plans or movement.
降って
「降って」 means “falling” or “raining” in 「雨が降っても」. It is the te-form of 降る and links the rain condition to 「も」. Use this form when connecting rain falling with what remains possible.
も
In 「雨が降っても」, 「も」 gives the meaning “even if,” so the activity remains possible even when it rains. It follows the condition rather than simply meaning “also” here. Use this pattern when an outcome remains true despite a condition.
室内
「室内」 means indoors or an indoor area in 「室内でできるもの」. It identifies the place where the activity can take place if it rains. Use it when contrasting an indoor setting with an outdoor one.
で
「で」 marks 「室内」 as the place where the activity can be done in 「室内でできる」. It indicates the location of an action. Use it after a place when saying where something happens or can be done.
できる
「できる」 means “can be done” or “is possible” in 「室内でできるもの」. It describes an option that remains possible indoors. Use it before 「もの」 or another noun when identifying something that can be done.
もの
「もの」 means “thing” or, in this context, an option in 「室内でできるもの」. The phrase refers to something that can be done indoors, not to a physical object specifically. Use it after a description to refer to an available thing or choice.
選びましょう
「選びましょう」 means “let’s choose” in this dialogue. It is the polite volitional form of 選ぶ and presents a suggestion to the group. Use it when proposing a shared decision or action.
屋外
「屋外」 means outdoors or outdoor in 「屋外のマーケット」. It specifies that the market is outside, which makes it more affected by rain. Use it when identifying an outdoor place or activity.
マーケット
「マーケット」 means “market” in 「屋外のマーケット」. It is the outdoor activity being considered as one choice. Use it when referring to a market as a destination or event.
楽しそう
「楽しそう」 means “looks fun” or “seems enjoyable” in 「屋外のマーケットは楽しそうですが」. The form is based on 楽しい with そう to describe an impression. Use it when judging that something appears enjoyable before experiencing it.
です
「です」 is the polite copula ending in 「楽しそうですが」, making the impression polite before the contrasting 「が」. The whole phrase means that the market looks fun, but another concern follows. Use this polite ending when making a courteous description or judgment.
だ
In 「雨だと」, 「だ」 links 「雨」 to the following condition and contributes to the meaning “if it is rain” or “when there is rain.” The whole expression describes the situation that makes the outdoor market uncomfortable. Use this plain copula before a conditional or quoted connection such as 「と」.
と
In 「雨だと」, 「と」 marks a condition: when there is rain, the result follows. The conditional meaning comes from the whole 「雨だと」 construction, not from と alone. Use it after a stated condition when describing its expected result.
快適
「快適」 means comfortable in 「快適に過ごせない」. It describes the quality of the time spent at the outdoor market during rain. Use it with 「に」 when describing how an action or experience is carried out.
に
In 「快適に過ごせない」, 「に」 turns 「快適」 into a manner description, “comfortably.” It shows how time cannot be spent in the rainy situation. Use it after a suitable な-adjective when describing the manner of an action.
過ごせない
「過ごせない」 means “cannot spend time” in 「快適に過ごせない」. It is the negative potential form related to the citation form 過ごす. Use it when a person cannot get through or spend time in a particular way or situation.
かもしれません
「かもしれません」 politely expresses possibility in 「快適に過ごせないかもしれません」, meaning that spending time comfortably may not be possible. 「かも」 signals possibility, while 「しれません」 completes the polite expression. Use it when giving a cautious possibility in a polite conversation.
悪く
「悪く」 means “bad” or “into a bad state” in 「天気が悪くなったら」. It is the linking form of 悪い used before なったら to describe a change in the weather. Use it when describing something becoming bad or unfavorable.
なったら
「なったら」 means “if it becomes” or “when it turns” in 「天気が悪くなったら」. It is the たら conditional form of なる and describes a possible change before the result is given. Use it when a result depends on something becoming a certain state.
博物館
「博物館」 means museum in 「博物館のほうが楽です」. It is the indoor alternative to the outdoor market. Use it when referring to a museum as a destination or activity.
ほう
「ほう」 means “the side” or “the option” in the comparison 「博物館のほうが楽です」. It marks the museum as the easier or more comfortable choice. Use 「AのほうがB」 when comparing two options and saying that A has more of a quality.
楽
「楽」 means easier or less troublesome here, not “fun,” in 「博物館のほうが楽です」. The museum is considered easier if the weather becomes bad. Use it in comparisons such as 「〜のほうが楽」 when one choice requires less effort or causes less difficulty.
それなら
「それなら」 means “if that is the case” or “then” in response to the suggestion of choosing a museum. It introduces a conclusion based on the preceding information. Use it when accepting a stated situation and moving to a related decision or response.
その
「その」 means “that” or “the stated” in 「その日の予定」. It points back to the day already being discussed. Use it before a noun when referring to something identified by the previous context.
日
「日」 means “day” in 「その日の予定」, referring to the day of the planned outing. Together with その, it identifies the specific day under discussion. Use it when talking about a day connected to an event, schedule, or plan.
予定
「予定」 means a plan or schedule in 「その日の予定」. It is the outing arrangement that can continue without being canceled. Use it when discussing an arranged future activity or schedule.
取りやめず
「取りやめず」 means “without canceling” in 「予定を取りやめずに」. It is the negative ず-form of 取りやめる and links the canceled action as something that does not happen. Use it before 「に」 when describing an action that is not done while another response takes place.
柔軟
「柔軟」 means flexible in 「柔軟に対応できます」. It describes handling the weather-related change without abandoning the day’s plan. Use it with 「に」 before 対応 to describe a flexible way of responding.
対応
「対応」 means handling or responding to something in 「変更にうまく対応できます」. Here it refers to adjusting to a change in the plan. Use it with 「に」 to identify the change or situation being handled.
できます
「できます」 means “can do” or “can handle” in 「柔軟に対応できます」. It is the polite form of できる and expresses that flexible handling is possible. Use it after an action or compound such as 対応 to state ability or possibility politely.
みんな
「みんな」 means everyone in 「みんなが出発する前に」. It refers to all the people who will join the outing. Use it when addressing or describing a whole group in a conversational way.
出発
「出発」 means departure or leaving in 「出発する前に」. It identifies the point before everyone begins traveling. Use it with する when referring to departing for a destination.
する
In 「出発する」, 「する」 turns 出発 into the action “to depart” or “to leave.” The phrase is used before 「前に」 to mark the time before departure. Use する with action nouns when describing carrying out that action.
前
「前」 means “before” in 「出発する前に」. It places the communication before everyone leaves. Use it after a verb phrase to identify an earlier time relative to an action.
主な
「主な」 means main or primary in 「主な計画」. It identifies the primary plan as distinct from the indoor option. Use it directly before a noun when describing the most important or central plan.
計画
「計画」 means plan in 「主な計画」. It is the main arrangement that should be shared with everyone. Use it when referring to an intended course of action or organized schedule.
選択肢
「選択肢」 means a choice or option in 「室内の選択肢」. It refers to the alternative activity available if the main plan is affected. Use it when presenting possible choices in a decision.
伝えて
「伝えて」 means “tell” or “communicate” in 「伝えてください」. It is the te-form of 伝える and links the action to the request expressed by ください. Use this form when politely asking someone to communicate information.
ください
「ください」 makes 「伝えてください」 a polite request meaning “please tell” or “please communicate.” The request meaning comes from the whole te-form plus ください construction. Use it after a te-form when asking someone to do something politely.
会う
「会う」 means “meet” in 「会う前に」. It identifies the meeting as the event that has not happened yet when the choices are sent. Use it before 「前に」 to say that something happens before meeting someone.
両方
「両方」 means “both” in 「両方の選択肢」. It refers to the main choice and the indoor alternative together. Use it before 「の」 and a noun when including two options or sides.
送ります
「送ります」 means “send” in 「両方の選択肢を送ります」. It is the polite non-past form of 送る and states the speaker’s planned action. Use it when politely saying that information, a message, or an item will be sent.
早め
「早め」 means early or ahead of time in 「早めに」. It emphasizes knowing the alternative before the weather-related change creates a problem. Use it with 「に」 when something should happen earlier than the usual or expected time.
代案
「代案」 means an alternative plan in 「代案を知っていれば」. It refers to the backup choice that replaces or supports the main plan. Use it when discussing a substitute plan prepared in case the first plan changes.
知って
「知って」 means “knowing” or “being aware” in 「知っていれば」. It is the te-form of 知る and connects knowing the alternative with the conditional form いれば. Use it in this construction when awareness of information is the condition for a later result.
いれば
In 「知っていれば」, 「いれば」 makes the condition “if they know” or “if they are aware.” It presents knowing as an ongoing state before the result about handling changes. Use it after a te-form such as 知って when making a condition about an existing state.
人
「人」 means people here in 「人は変更にうまく対応できます」. It refers generally to people who receive the alternative early. Use it for a general statement about how people act or respond.
変更
「変更」 means a change or alteration in 「変更にうまく対応できます」. Here it is a change to the activity plan caused by the weather. Use it with 「に対応する」 when describing responding to a change.
うまく
「うまく」 means well or successfully in 「変更にうまく対応できます」. It describes the quality of people’s response when they know the alternative early. Use it before a verb such as 対応できます when saying that something is handled effectively.
Grammar Points
動詞て形＋も
雨が降っても、室内で活動できます。
AH-meh gah FOOT-teh-moh, SHEE-tsu-nai deh kah-tsoo-DOH deh-KEE-mahs.Even if it rains, we can do activities indoors.
「〜ても」は、ある条件が起きても結果が変わらないことを表します。
動詞ずに
予定を取りやめずに、柔軟に対応できます。
yoh-TAY oh toh-ree-yah-MEH-zoo nee, joo-NAHN nee tai-OH deh-KEE-mahs.We can respond flexibly without cancelling the plan.
「〜ずに」は「〜ないで」と同じで、ある行動をしないまま別の行動をすることを表します。
Japanese Vocabulary
できる
verb
deh-KEE-roo
can do; be possible
室内でできるもの
雨
noun
AH-meh
rain
雨が降っても
屋外
noun
oh-koo-GAI
outdoors; outdoor area
屋外のマーケット
楽しそう
adj
tah-noo-SHEE-soh
sounds fun; looks enjoyable
楽しそうですが
活動
noun
kah-tsoo-DOH
activity
活動を選ぶ
感じる
verb
kahn-JEE-roo
to feel
感じます
難しく感じます
降る
verb
FOO-roo
to fall; to rain
降っても
雨が降っても
室内
noun
SHEE-tsu-nai
indoors; indoor area
室内でできるもの
選ぶ
verb
eh-RAH-boo
to choose; to pick
活動を選ぶ
天気
noun
ten-KEE
weather
天気が変わるかもしれないので
難しい
adj
moo-zoo-kah-SHEE
difficult
難しく感じます
変わる
verb
kah-WAH-roo
to change
天気が変わるかもしれないので
Quiz
Spelling
Tap the letters to spell the word.
to fall; to rain
Show Answer
降ってもto feel
Show Answer
感じますsounds fun; looks enjoyable
Show Answer
楽しそうindoors; indoor area