About This Lesson
Use Borrowing a Hammer and Nails to practice Korean conversation, pronunciation, vocabulary, grammar, and quizzes.
Dialogue
A
제가 쓸 수 있는 망치가 있어요?
jeh-GAH SSUL SSOO IN-neun MANG-chee-gah ee-SUH-yoh? Do you have a hammer I can use?
B
이걸 쓰세요. 하지만 손잡이를 꽉 잡으세요.
ee-GUHL SSOO-seh-yoh. hah-JEE-mahn SOHN-JJAH-bee-reul KKWAHK JAH-beu-SEH-yoh. Use this one, but grip the handle firmly.
A
이 선반을 고치려면 망치가 필요해요.
ee SUHN-BAH-nuhl goh-CHEE-ryuh-MYUN MANG-chee-gah pee-LYOH-heh-yoh. I need it to fix this shelf.
B
못도 필요하세요?
MOHT-TTOH pee-LYOH-ha-SEH-yoh? Do you also need any nails?
A
못 하나가 있으면 도움이 될 거예요.
MOH-tah-NAH-gah ee-SSEU-myun DOH-oo-mee dwehl KKUH-yeh-yoh. One nail would help.
B
옆에 있는 상자 안에 못이 있어요.
yuh-PEH IN-neun SANG-jah AHN-eh MOH-shee ee-SUH-yoh. They are in the box beside you.
A
제가 끝내면 망치를 돌려드릴게요.
jeh-GAH KKUN-neh-myun MANG-chee-ruhl DOHL-lyuh-deu-RIL-KKEH-yoh. I will return the hammer when I finish.
B
망치를 다 쓰고 나면 다른 도구들과 함께 여기에 두세요.
MANG-chee-ruhl dah SSOO-goh NAH-myun TAH-reun DOH-goo-deul-gwah HAHM-kkeh YUH-gee-eh DOO-seh-yoh. Leave it here with the other tools when you are done.Word by Word
제가
Here, 제가 identifies the speaker as the person who can use the hammer. It is the subject-marked form used in “제가 쓸 수 있는 망치가 있어요?”; use it when identifying yourself as the person doing an action.
쓸
In “쓸 수 있는”, 쓸 means “use” and describes the hammer as something the speaker can use. This form appears before 수 in the reusable ability pattern “쓸 수 있는”.
수
Here, 수 is the noun in “쓸 수 있는” that expresses ability or possibility. Together with “쓸” and “있는”, it means that the speaker can use the hammer.
있는
In “쓸 수 있는 망치”, 있는 describes the hammer as one that is available for the speaker to use. It is the form used before a noun in this description.
망치가
망치 means “hammer”, and 가 marks it as the subject in “망치가 있어요?”. The expression asks whether a hammer is available.
있어요
Here, 있어요 says that the hammer exists or is available, so the full question means “Do you have a hammer?”. Use this polite form when asking whether something is available.
이걸
이걸 means “this one” as the object being used. It is the shortened spoken form of 이것을 and appears in the instruction “이걸 쓰세요”.
쓰세요
Here, 쓰세요 politely tells the listener to use something, specifically “이걸”. Use this form when giving a respectful instruction to use an available item.
하지만
하지만 introduces a contrast: use this hammer, but hold its handle firmly. It is a common connector for adding a contrasting instruction or statement.
손잡이를
손잡이 means “handle”, and 를 marks it as the object of “잡으세요”. In “손잡이를 꽉 잡으세요”, it identifies the part that should be held.
꽉
꽉 describes holding something firmly or tightly in “손잡이를 꽉 잡으세요”. It is used before an action to show that the action should be done with strong pressure.
잡으세요
Here, 잡으세요 politely instructs the listener to hold or grip the handle. Use this form when respectfully telling someone to hold something.
이
이 means “this” and directly describes 선반 in “이 선반”. Use it before a nearby or currently discussed noun.
선반을
선반 means “shelf”, and 를 marks it as the object of “고치려면”. It identifies the shelf that needs to be fixed.
고치려면
In “이 선반을 고치려면”, 고치려면 means “to fix” in the sense of “in order to fix” or “if you want to fix”. It sets the purpose or condition for needing the hammer.
필요해요
Here, 필요해요 means that the hammer is needed, giving the meaning “I need a hammer”. Use it after the needed item when stating a need politely.
못도
못 means “nail”, and 도 adds the meaning “also” or “too”. In “못도 필요하세요?”, it asks whether nails are needed in addition to the hammer.
필요하세요
Here, 필요하세요 politely asks whether the listener needs something. It is used in “못도 필요하세요?” to ask respectfully about the listener’s need.
못
못 means “nail” in this dialogue. It is the item being requested and later described as being in the box.
하나가
하나 means “one”, and 가 marks this quantity as the subject in “못 하나가 있으면”. It specifies that one nail would be enough for the situation.
있으면
In “못 하나가 있으면 도움이 될 거예요”, 있으면 means “if there is” or “if there is available”. It introduces a condition using the existence of the nail.
도움이
도움 means “help”, and 이 marks it as the subject in “도움이 될 거예요”. The full expression says that one nail will be helpful.
될
In “도움이 될 거예요”, 될 means “will be” as part of the expression “will be helpful”. It is the form of 되다 used before 거예요 to describe an expected result.
거예요
Here, 거예요 completes “도움이 될 거예요” and presents the result as an expectation: “it will be helpful”. Use this ending when politely describing what is expected to happen or be true.
옆에
옆에 means “beside” or “next to” and locates the box beside the listener. The 에 marks the location in “옆에 있는 상자”.
상자
상자 means “box” in “옆에 있는 상자 안에”. It identifies the container where the nails are located.
안에
안에 means “inside” or “in” and locates the nails inside the box. It is used after a container when specifying its interior location.
못이
못 means “nail”, and 이 marks it as the thing located in the box in “못이 있어요”. The form identifies the nails as present there.
끝내면
끝내면 means “when I finish” in “제가 끝내면 망치를 돌려드릴게요”. It sets the time or condition for returning the hammer.
망치를
망치 means “hammer”, and 를 marks it as the object being returned in “망치를 돌려드릴게요”. It identifies the borrowed item.
돌려드릴게요
Here, 돌려드릴게요 is a polite promise to return the hammer to its owner. Use it when telling someone that you will give back something you borrowed.
다
In “다 쓰고 나면”, 다 emphasizes completing the use of the hammer. It gives the sense of using it completely or finishing its use.
쓰고
쓰고 means “use and” or “after using” in “다 쓰고 나면”. It links the completed use of the hammer to the following action or time condition.
나면
Together with “쓰고”, 나면 means “after finishing” or “once it is done”. The expression “다 쓰고 나면” sets the time for putting the hammer back.
다른
다른 means “other” and contrasts the tools being returned with the hammer that was borrowed. It comes directly before the noun “도구들”.
도구들과
도구 means “tool”, 들 marks the group as plural, and 과 means “with” in “다른 도구들과 함께”. The form refers to the other tools as the group placed together with the hammer.
함께
함께 means “together” or “with” in “다른 도구들과 함께”. It shows that the hammer should be left together with the other tools.
여기에
여기에 means “here” and marks the place where the hammer should be left. In “여기에 두세요”, it identifies the specific location for putting it.
두세요
Here, 두세요 politely tells the listener to put or leave the hammer in the stated place. Use it when respectfully instructing someone where to leave an item.
Grammar Points
-(으)ㄹ 수 있다
쓸 수 있는 망치가 있어요.
SSUL SSOO IN-neun MANG-chee-gah ee-SUH-yoh.There is a hammer I can use.
-(으)ㄹ 수 있다 expresses ability or possibility. Here, 쓸 수 있는 means “that can be used.”
-(으)려면
고치려면 망치가 필요해요.
goh-CHEE-ryuh-MYUN MANG-chee-gah pee-LYOH-heh-yoh.To fix it, you need a hammer.
-(으)려면 means “if you want to” or “in order to.” The verb comes before 려면.
Korean Vocabulary
고치다
verb
goh-CHEE-dah
to fix
고치려면
꽉
adv
KKWAHK
firmly; tightly
망치
noun
MANG-chee
hammer
선반
noun
SUHN-bahn
shelf
손잡이
noun
SOHN-JJAH-bee
handle
손잡이를
쓰다
verb
SSUH-dah
to use
쓸 수 있는
이것
pron
ee-GUHT
this one
이걸
있다
verb
EET-TTAH
to have; to exist
있어요
잡다
verb
JAHPT-TTAH
to grip; to hold
잡으세요
제가
pron
jeh-GAH
I
필요하다
adj
pee-LYOH-hah-dah
to need; to be necessary
필요해요
하지만
conj
hah-JEE-mahn
but; however
Quiz
Word Order
Arrange the words in the correct order.
Do you have a hammer I can use?
Show Answer
제가 쓸 수 있는 망치가 있어요?Use this one, but grip the handle firmly.
Show Answer
이걸 쓰세요. 하지만 손잡이를 꽉 잡으세요.I need it to fix this shelf.
Show Answer
이 선반을 고치려면 망치가 필요해요.Spelling
Tap the letters to spell the word.
to grip; to hold
Show Answer
잡으세요handle
Show Answer
손잡이를to fix
Show Answer
고치려면to need; to be necessary