Getting Ready for Cloudy Weather | Learn Korean in English

Sentence explanations

1. 밖이 흐려 보여요.

   It looks cloudy outside.

   밖이

   outside

   흐려

   cloudy

   보여요

   looks

   More detail

   밖이 means “outside” as the subject of the description. 밖 is the noun “outside,” and 이 is the subject marker used after a noun ending in a consonant; after a vowel, the corresponding marker is 가. The marker shows that outside is what is being described, not that the sentence asserts a particular quantity or a specific place beyond the supported meaning. 흐려 comes from the descriptive verb 흐리다, “to be cloudy” or “to be overcast.” Its form here ends in -어 so that it can connect to the following 보여요. A useful form chain is 흐리다 → 흐려요 (“is cloudy,” polite present) and 흐려 보여요 (“looks cloudy”). The -어 form in this sentence is not the final polite ending; it links the description to 보여요. 보여요 is the polite present form of 보이다, “to be seen” or “to appear.” In the pattern [descriptive form] + 보여요, it means “looks/seems [descriptive quality].” For example, 피곤해 보여요. means “You look tired.” Here, 보여요 does not mean that someone is deliberately showing something; together with 흐려, it expresses visual appearance. Putting the parts together, 밖이 identifies outside as the subject, 흐려 supplies the quality “cloudy,” and 보여요 presents that quality as an appearance. Therefore 밖이 흐려 보여요. means “It looks cloudy outside.”

2. 따뜻한 코트를 가져가세요.

   Take a warm coat with you.

   따뜻한

   warm

   코트

   coat

   가져가세요

   please take it with you

   More detail

   따뜻한 means “warm” here and describes the coat. Its dictionary form is 따뜻하다; before a noun, this descriptive verb uses the attributive form 따뜻한: 따뜻한 코트 = “a warm coat.” Example: 따뜻한 차 means “warm tea.” 코트 is the noun “coat.” It is a loanword used as an ordinary Korean noun. In this sentence, it is the thing being taken. 가져가세요 is a polite request meaning “please take it with you.” The base verb is 가져가다, “to take or carry something away from the speaker or current place.” The ending -세요 makes the request polite. Contrast 가져오세요, “please bring it,” where 오다 indicates movement toward the relevant place or speaker. Example: 우산을 가져가세요. means “Please take an umbrella with you.” Together, 따뜻한 코트 identifies what to take, and 가져가세요 politely tells the listener to take it away with them. The subject—the person being asked—is understood from the polite request rather than stated separately. The whole utterance therefore means: “Take a warm coat with you.”

3. 바람이 차갑게 느껴져요?

   Does the wind feel cold?

   바람이

   the wind

   차갑게

   cold

   느껴져요

   feels

   More detail

   바람이 means “the wind” here. 바람 is the noun “wind,” and -이 marks it as the subject of the description. The same noun can be used in other patterns, such as 바람이 불어요 (“The wind is blowing”). 차갑게 comes from the adjective 차갑다, “to be cold,” especially cold to the touch or in a sensed physical quality. Its -게 form makes it describe how something is felt: 차갑게 느껴져요 means “feels cold.” A useful contrast is 춥다, which more often describes cold weather or a person’s experience of low temperature; the next sentence uses 춥고 for “cold” weather. 느껴져요 is the polite present form of 느껴지다, “to be felt” or “to feel.” In this sentence, the wind is the thing whose quality is perceived, so Korean uses a construction equivalent to “the wind is felt cold,” naturally translated as “the wind feels cold.” The ending -어요 makes the utterance polite; with question intonation, 느껴져요? asks whether this is the listener’s perception. Together, 바람이 identifies the wind as the subject, 차갑게 describes the perceived quality, and 느껴져요? asks whether it is felt that way. Thus the whole utterance means, “Does the wind feel cold?”

4. 오늘은 춥고 바람이 불어요.

   It is cold and windy today.

   오늘은

   today; as for today

   춥고

   cold and

   바람이

   wind

   불어요

   blows; is blowing

   More detail

   오늘은 means “today” with 은 marking today as the topic: “as for today.” 오늘 is the noun “today,” and 은/는 sets a topic or contrast. For example, 오늘은 따뜻해요 means “Today is warm.” Here, the fixed translation establishes that the topic is the current day. 춥고 comes from 춥다, “to be cold,” and means “is cold and” in this sentence. The ending -고 connects this description to the following clause. 춥다 has the form 춥고 before -고; this is not the polite ending. For example, 물이 차갑고 깨끗해요 means “The water is cold and clean.” 바람이 means “the wind,” with 이 marking 바람 as the subject of the following predicate. 바람 is the noun “wind.” The subject marker is 이 after a noun ending in a consonant; after a vowel, Korean uses 가, as in 비가 (“rain” as the subject). 불어요 comes from 불다, “to blow,” and is the present polite form. In this sentence, it describes wind blowing, so the natural meaning is “the wind is blowing.” 불다 keeps the stem vowel in 불어요; the form is not built from a different verb. For example, 바람이 불어요 means “The wind is blowing.” Together, 오늘은 sets today as the topic, and 춥고 connects two descriptions: it is cold, and 바람이 불어요 says that the wind is blowing. The complete utterance therefore means “It is cold and windy today.” In Korean, the second clause explicitly mentions the wind, while English naturally combines the two ideas as “cold and windy.”

5. 저는 제 모자도 필요해요.

   I need my hat too.

   저는

   as for me; I

   제

   my

   모자

   hat

   도

   too; also

   필요해요

   need; be needed

   More detail

   저는 presents the speaker as the topic: “as for me” or simply “I” here. 저 is the humble first-person pronoun used toward the listener; 는 marks the topic. A useful contrast is 저는 … (“as for me, …”) versus 저를 … (“me” as an object), where 를 marks the object instead of the topic. 제 means “my” here. It is the possessive form of humble 저 (“I”): the fuller form is 저의, commonly contracted to 제. It marks the owner of the following noun. Example: 제 책이에요. — “It is my book.” 모자 means “hat.” It is a noun and does not itself show possession; 제 specifies whose hat it is. Example: 모자가 있어요. — “There is a hat.” 도 adds the meaning “too” or “also” to the word or phrase it follows. Here it follows 모자, so the hat is included in addition to something else understood from the context. Example: 저도 가요. — “I am going too.” 필요해요 expresses “need” in this sentence. It is the polite present form of 필요하다, “to be necessary” or “to be needed.” Korean commonly presents the needed thing as the subject of this predicate, as in 물이 필요해요. — “I need water” (literally, “Water is needed”). The form 필요해요 is polite; the less formal present form is 필요해. Together, 저는 sets the speaker as the topic, 제 모자도 identifies the speaker’s hat as an additional needed item, and 필요해요 says that it is needed. The complete meaning is “I need my hat too.”

6. 문 옆에 있어요.

   It is by the door.

   문

   door

   옆에

   beside / next to

   있어요

   is / exists

   More detail

   문 means “door” here. It is a noun; the same form can be reused in phrases such as 문 앞 (“in front of the door”). 옆에 expresses a location beside or next to something. 옆 means “side,” and -에 marks the place where something is located. The form 옆에 is therefore useful in patterns such as 의자 옆에 (“beside the chair”). 있어요 is the polite present form of 있다, used here to say that something is located in a place. 있다 can also describe a person or thing being present or existing; it is not limited to nonhuman things. In this sentence it means “is located,” rather than “has.” A reusable pattern is [place]에 있어요 (“[something] is at/in [place]”); for example, 책상 위에 있어요 means “It is on the desk.” Together, 문 옆에 있어요 means “is by the door” or more literally “is located next to the door.” With the fixed translation and the surrounding context, the unstated subject is the item previously discussed, the hat: “It is by the door.”

7. 나가기 전에 모자를 쓸게요.

   I will put it on before I leave.

   나가기 전에

   before leaving

   모자

   hat

   쓸게요

   I will put it on

   More detail

   나가기 전에 means “before leaving.” 나가기 comes from 나가다 (“to go out, leave”) plus -기, which turns the verb into an action noun. 전에 means “before”; -기 전에 is a reusable pattern meaning “before doing ….” Example: 자기 전에 책을 읽어요. — “I read a book before going to bed.” 모자 means “hat” and is a noun. In this sentence it is the thing being put on. The fixed translation’s “it” refers to this hat. 쓸게요 is the first-person form of 쓰다 with -ㄹ게요. Here 쓰다 means “to put on/wear” a hat; the same verb can have other meanings, such as “to write,” in other contexts. -ㄹ게요 presents the speaker’s intention or commitment to do something. The form is 쓰다 → 쓸게요; the verb stem 쓰- carries the lexical meaning, while -ㄹ게요 adds the speaker-oriented intention. Example: 제가 문을 열게요. — “I’ll open the door.” Together, 나가기 전에 sets the time, 모자 identifies what will be put on, and 쓸게요 expresses the speaker’s intention: “I will put on the hat before I leave.”

8. 그러면 산책할 준비가 될 거예요.

   Then you will be ready for the walk.

   그러면

   then

   산책

   walk

   준비가

   readiness

   될 거예요

   will become; will be

   More detail

   그러면 means “then” or “in that case.” It connects this utterance with an understood situation or condition. For example, 그러면 시작해요 means “Then, let’s start.” 산책 is a noun meaning “a walk” or “a stroll.” It can combine with 하다 in 산책하다, “to take a walk.” In this sentence, 산책할 is the form that modifies the following noun 준비: 산책할 준비 means “preparation/readiness to take a walk” or, naturally here, “ready for the walk.” The ending -ㄹ gives 하다 an attributive prospective form in this construction. 준비가 contains 준비, “readiness” or “preparation,” plus the subject particle 가. Korean commonly uses 준비가 되다 for “to become/be ready.” By contrast, 준비하다 means “to prepare” or “to get something ready” and has a different structure. 될 거예요 comes from 되다, “to become” or “to be,” with the prospective pattern -ㄹ/을 거예요. The stem 되- takes -ㄹ, producing 될 거예요; this politely expresses an expected or planned future state. For example, 곧 준비가 될 거예요 means “It will be ready soon.” Together, 산책할 준비가 될 거예요 means “you will be ready for the walk”: 산책할 specifies the activity, 준비가 되다 expresses becoming or being ready, and 될 거예요 places that state in the future. With 그러면 at the beginning, the whole utterance means “Then you will be ready for the walk.”