Preparing for a Sunny Walk | Learn Korean in English

Sentence explanations

1. 밖은 맑아요.

   It's sunny outside.

   밖은

   outside (as the topic)

   맑아요

   is clear; is sunny

   More detail

   밖은 combines 밖 (“outside”) with the topic marker 은. The topic marker presents outside as the setting being described. 밖 is a noun; the marker is attached directly to it. Example: 집은 커요. — “The house is big.” 맑아요 is the polite present form of 맑다, meaning “to be clear” when describing weather or the sky. In this sentence, it describes clear, sunny conditions. The ending -아요 makes the statement polite; it does not by itself mean “outside.” Example: 오늘은 맑아요. — “Today is sunny.” Together, 밖은 (“as for outside”) and 맑아요 (“is clear/sunny”) produce “It’s sunny outside.” The sentence is a polite present-tense statement.

2. 선글라스 가져가세요.

   Bring your sunglasses.

   선글라스

   sunglasses

   가져가세요

   please take; bring

   More detail

   선글라스 means “sunglasses.” It is a noun, and this form does not show a grammatical number change for one pair versus more than one. Example: 선글라스를 써요. — “I wear sunglasses.” The particle 를 marks 선글라스 as the object of the verb. 가져가세요 is the polite request form of 가져가다, “to take something along/away.” The ending -세요 makes it a polite request or instruction addressed to the listener; it does not itself state a number. In this form, the listener is understood as the person who should take the item. A useful contrast is 가져오세요, “please bring it here”: 가져가세요 is oriented away from the current place, while 가져오세요 is oriented toward the speaker or another reference point. Example: 우산을 가져가세요. — “Please take an umbrella.” Together, 선글라스 plus 가져가세요 means “Please take the sunglasses with you.” In the fixed translation and sunny-outside context, this is naturally rendered as “Bring your sunglasses.” The subject and object markers are omitted in the Korean sentence: the listener is the understood person taking them, and 선글라스 is the item to be taken. The polite -세요 gives the utterance a courteous, everyday directive tone.

3. 산책하기에 너무 더워요?

   Is it too hot for a walk?

   산책

   a walk

   하기에

   for doing

   너무

   too

   더워요

   is hot

   More detail

   산책 means “a walk” or “walking” as an activity. It is a noun, and with 하다 it forms 산책하다, “to go for a walk.” Here, 산책하기 uses -기 to turn that action into a noun-like activity form. 하기에 is 하- from 하다 plus -기 and the particle 에: literally, “with regard to doing.” In this sentence, -기 에 expresses suitability or circumstances, so 산책하기에 means “for going for a walk.” This is different from the separate connective ending -기에, which can have other meanings such as “because.” A reusable example is 공부하기에 좋아요, “It is good for studying.” 너무 means “too” here and marks an excessive degree. It comes before the adjective or descriptive expression it modifies. For example, 너무 비싸요 means “It is too expensive.” 더워요 is the polite present form of 덥다, “to be hot.” 덥다 is a ㅂ-irregular descriptive verb: before the vowel-based ending -어요, ㅂ changes to 우, producing 더워요. A useful form chain is 덥다 → 더워요 → 더웠어요 (“was hot”). 덥다 can describe hot weather or conditions, and it can also describe someone’s sensation of being hot; here, the translation indicates hot conditions that may be unsuitable for a walk. Together, 산책하기에 너무 더워요 means “It is too hot for a walk.” With the question marking in the fixed utterance, the whole sentence asks, “Is it too hot for a walk?” The reusable pattern V-기 에 너무 A-요? asks whether something is excessively adjective-like for an activity, as in the labeled example 운동하기에 너무 추워요? — “Is it too cold for exercising?”

4. 날씨가 따뜻하지만 그래도 갈 수 있어요.

   It's warm, but we can still go.

   날씨가

   the weather

   따뜻하지만

   warm, but

   그래도

   still

   갈 수 있어요

   can go

   More detail

   날씨가 means “the weather.” 날씨 is the noun “weather,” and -가 marks it as the subject of the description that follows. Korean subject particles include -이 and -가; -가 is used here because 날씨 ends in a vowel sound. 따뜻하지만 means “is warm, but.” The base form is 따뜻하다 (“to be warm”); the observed form uses -지만 to connect a statement with a contrast. The ending itself supplies the “but,” so the sentence first presents warmth and then gives a result that contrasts with it. Example: 비가 오지만 가요. — “It is raining, but I’m going.” 그래도 means “still” or “nevertheless.” It signals that the next statement remains true despite the preceding contrast. It is a separate connective adverb, not part of the adjective form. Example: 피곤해요. 그래도 공부해요. — “I’m tired. Still, I study.” 갈 수 있어요 means “can go.” The lexical verb is 가다 (“to go”), and its observed form is 갈: 가다 combines with the possibility pattern -(으)ㄹ 수 있다, giving 갈 수 있다. This pattern expresses ability or possibility; here, 있어요 is the polite present form of 있다 and completes the pattern. Korean verb forms do not mark the subject as English verb forms do, so 갈 수 있어요 itself does not identify the person or number. The fixed translation supplies “we” for this utterance. Example: 내일 갈 수 있어요. — “We can go tomorrow.” Together, 날씨가 따뜻하지만 sets up the contrast: “The weather is warm, but …” 그래도 emphasizes that the following possibility remains valid, and 갈 수 있어요 states that going is possible. The whole utterance is: “It’s warm, but we can still go.”

5. 그늘에 있을 수 있어요.

   We can stay in the shade.

   그늘

   shade

   있을 수 있어요

   can stay

   More detail

   그늘 is a noun meaning “shade,” here referring to a shady place. A useful contrast is 햇빛 (“sunlight”): 그늘에 있어요 means “is/stays in the shade,” while 햇빛에 있어요 means “is/stays in the sunlight.” The location particle 에 follows 그늘 and marks the place where someone or something is. The pattern [place]에 있다 means “to be/stay in [a place].” 있을 수 있어요 uses 있다 (“to be; to stay”) in the possibility pattern -(으)ㄹ 수 있다. In this form, 있다 becomes 있을 before 수, and 있어요 is the polite form of 있다. The complete construction means “can be/stay,” expressing possibility or ability here. For example, 여기 있을 수 있어요 means “We can stay here” when the context supplies the subject; Korean can omit that subject when it is understood. Together, 그늘에 (“in the shade”) and 있을 수 있어요 (“can stay”) produce “We can stay in the shade.”

6. 나무들이 우리를 시원하게 해 줄 거예요.

   The trees should keep us cool.

   나무들

   trees

   우리

   we; our

   시원하게

   coolly; refreshingly

   해 줄 거예요

   will do it for someone

   More detail

   나무들이 means “the trees” here. 나무 is “tree,” and 들 marks a plural group; Korean can sometimes leave plural unmarked when the context already makes plurality clear. The ending -이 is the subject marker used after a consonant-final noun. Thus, this form presents the trees as the ones causing the effect. 우리 is the first-person plural pronoun, and in 우리를, -를 marks it as the object. In this sentence, the object is the speaker’s group—the people affected by the cooling. Korean pronouns do not change form for English-style subject versus object; the particle shows the role: 우리가 means “we” as subject, while 우리를 means “us” as object. 시원하게 comes from the descriptive word 시원하다, “to be cool” or “to feel refreshing.” The ending -게 changes this descriptive form into an adverbial form. With 하다 in this sentence, it describes the result caused for the object: making someone feel cool. For example, 방을 시원하게 해요. means “I make the room cool.” 해 줄 거예요 is the polite future-oriented form of 해 주다. 해 is the form of 하다 (“to do” or “to make”), and 주다 adds the meaning that the action is done for someone’s benefit. In this sentence, 시원하게 해 주다 is the reusable pattern “to make someone or something cool for someone.” 거예요 presents the action as expected or intended in the future; with the fixed translation, the natural reading is “should keep us cool.” The polite ending is -요. Together, 나무들이 우리를 시원하게 해 줄 거예요 means that the trees will provide the cooling effect for the speaker’s group: “The trees should keep us cool.” The object 우리를 identifies who receives the effect, while 시원하게 해 주다 expresses the trees’ beneficial effect on them.

7. 물 한 병 가져갈게요.

   I'll bring a bottle of water.

   물

   water

   한 병

   one bottle

   가져갈게요

   I’ll bring it

   More detail

   물 means “water.” It is a noun and can be used directly when referring to water as a substance. In this sentence, it is part of the noun phrase 물 한 병, meaning a bottle of water. 한 병 means “one bottle.” 한 is the number one, and 병 is the counter used for bottles and other bottle-shaped containers. Korean commonly places the number and counter before the noun being counted: 물 한 병 = “one bottle of water.” The noun 물 identifies what is in the bottle, while 병 identifies the unit. 가져갈게요 means “I’ll bring it.” Its base form is 가져가다, “to take or bring something along,” and the observed form combines it with -ㄹ게요. This ending presents the speaker’s willingness, decision, or commitment to do something, often with the listener in mind. The subject is understood as “I,” and the object is understood from context as the bottle of water; Korean commonly omits these when they are clear. The form is polite. Compare 가져가요, which is a polite present/future-style statement, with 가져갈게요, which more clearly presents the action as the speaker’s commitment. Together, 물 한 병 identifies one bottle containing water, and 가져갈게요 expresses the speaker’s commitment to bring it. The complete utterance means, “I’ll bring a bottle of water.”

8. 산책할 때 도움이 될 거예요.

   It'll come in handy during the walk.

   산책

   walk

   산책할 때

   when taking a walk

   도움이 될 거예요

   will be helpful

   More detail

   산책 means “a walk” or “walking,” and is a noun. It combines with 하다 to form 산책하다, “to take a walk.” 산책할 때 means “when taking a walk.” Here 산책할 is the form of 산책하다 used before 때 (“when/time”): -할 때 expresses the time or situation in which something happens. For example, 공부할 때 음악을 들어요 means “I listen to music when I study.” 도움이 될 거예요 means “will be helpful” or “will come in handy.” 도움 is the noun “help,” and 이 marks it as the subject of the following predicate. 될 is the form of 되다 (“to become” or “to be useful/helpful”) used before 거예요. The pattern -ㄹ/을 거예요 commonly expresses an expected or predicted future situation; after a vowel, -ㄹ 거예요 is used, as in 될 거예요. For example, 이 정보가 도움이 될 거예요 means “This information will be helpful.” Together, 산책할 때 sets the situation, and 도움이 될 거예요 says that something understood from the context is expected to be useful in that situation. The complete meaning is “It’ll come in handy during the walk.”