음식이
In this dialogue, 음식이 means “the food” and marks it as the subject in 음식이 나오기 전에. 이 marks a noun ending in a vowel as the subject. Use this pattern when identifying what is coming or happening.
나오기
나오기 means “coming out” or, in this restaurant context, “being served,” in 음식이 나오기 전에. It is the noun-like form used before 전에 to mean “before coming out.” Use this form in a pattern meaning “before [an action] happens.”
전에
전에 means “before” and places the order check earlier than the food being served in 음식이 나오기 전에. It follows an action or event to set its earlier timing. Use it when describing what happens before another event.
주문을
주문을 means “the order” as the object of checking in 주문을 확인하고 싶어. 을 marks 주문 as the thing being checked. Use it with actions such as checking, changing, or confirming an order.
확인하고
확인하고 means “check and” in 확인하고 싶어; it connects 확인하다, “to check or confirm,” to the following expression of wanting. The form shows that checking is the desired action. Use it to connect this action to another following action or expression.
싶어
싶어 means “want to” and completes 확인하고 싶어, “want to check.” It follows a verb form ending in -고 to express the speaker’s desire in casual speech. Use the pattern “[verb]고 싶어” when telling someone what you want to do.
요리를
요리를 means “cooking” as the object of starting in 요리를 시작하기 전에. 을 marks 요리 as what is being started. Use it when referring to starting or stopping the cooking process.
시작하기
시작하기 means “starting” in 시작하기 전에, referring to the beginning of cooking. It is the noun-like form used before 전에 to mean “before starting.” Use this form before a time expression when one action must happen before another begins.
실수를
실수를 means “mistakes” as the object of fixing in 실수를 고치는 게 더 쉬워. 를 marks 실수 as what is being fixed. Use it when talking about correcting mistakes.
고치는
고치는 means “fixing” in 실수를 고치는 게, where it describes the action of fixing mistakes. This form connects the fixing action to 게, which treats the action as the subject of the next statement. Use this form before a noun-like expression when describing an action.
게
게 refers to “the act of doing so” in 고치는 게 더 쉬워, making the action of fixing mistakes the thing being judged as easier. Here it is the spoken form used to nominalize the preceding action. Use the pattern “[action]는 게 + adjective” when evaluating an action.
더
더 means “more” in 더 쉬워, making the comparison that fixing mistakes earlier is easier. It comes before the describing word. Use 더 before an adjective when comparing the degree of a quality.
쉬워
쉬워 means “is easy” or, with 더, “is easier” in 더 쉬워. It is the spoken form of 쉽다 used at the end of this casual statement. Use it to describe an action or situation that does not require much difficulty.
나는
나는 means “I” as the topic in 나는 양파 없이 수프를 달라고 했어. 는 marks the speaker as the topic of the statement. Use it when introducing your own request or experience before describing it.
양파
양파 means “onions” in 양파 없이, identifying the ingredient that should not be included. It appears directly before 없이 because the sentence describes the soup without onions. Use an ingredient name in this position when specifying what a dish should exclude.
없이
없이 means “without” in 양파 없이, showing that onions are excluded from the soup. It follows the thing that is absent. Use the pattern “[thing] 없이” when ordering or describing something made without a particular item.
수프를
수프를 means “soup” as the object in 수프를 달라고 했어. 를 marks the soup as what the speaker requested to be given. Use a food name in this position when making a request for that food.
달라고
달라고 marks the request for something to be given in 수프를 달라고 했어. It introduces the requested content before 했어, which reports that the request was made. Use the pattern “[thing]을/를 달라고 하다” when saying that you asked for something.
했어
했어 reports that the request was made in 수프를 달라고 했어; in this context, it means “asked for it” or “said so.” It is the casual spoken ending of the verb 하다. Use it after a reported request when speaking informally about what you asked for.
그리고
그리고 means “and” and adds the speaker’s salad request after the previous soup request. It links the new statement to what was just said. Use 그리고 at the beginning of a sentence when adding another related detail.
드레싱을
드레싱을 means “dressing” as the thing that is not put into the salad in 드레싱을 넣지 않은 샐러드. 을 marks 드레싱 as the object of putting in. Use an ingredient in this position when describing whether it is included in a dish.
넣지
넣지 contributes “not putting in” in 넣지 않은, which describes the salad as having no dressing added. It begins the negative expression that is completed by 않은. Use this form before the following negative element when describing something that is not put into a dish.
않은
않은 completes 넣지 않은 and describes the salad as having dressing not added. Together, 넣지 않은 comes before 샐러드를 to identify the type of salad being requested. Use the pattern “[action]지 않은 + noun” to describe something for which an action has not occurred.
샐러드를
샐러드를 means “salad” as the object in 샐러드를 달라고 했어. 를 marks the salad as what the speaker asked to receive. Use a food name in this position when reporting a request for that food.
디저트는
디저트는 means “the dessert” as the topic in 디저트는 식사 후에 나와야 해. 는 marks dessert as the item whose timing is being discussed. Use it when setting a particular course or item as the topic of a timing statement.
식사
식사 means “meal” in 식사 후에, identifying the event that comes before the dessert. It combines directly with 후에 to express the timing after the meal. Use an event or activity in this position when saying what happens afterward.
후에
후에 means “after” in 식사 후에, placing the dessert later than the meal. It follows the event that serves as the time reference. Use the pattern “[event] 후에” when describing something that happens afterward.
나와야
나와야 means “should come out” or, for restaurant food, “should be served” in 나와야 해. It expresses the required timing of the dessert before 해 completes the statement. Use it when saying that something should appear, arrive, or be served by a certain point.
해
해 completes 나와야 해 and makes the statement mean “should come out” or “has to be served.” It follows the required-action form 나와야 in this casual sentence. Use the pattern “[action]아/어야 해” to say that something should or must happen.
직원에게
직원에게 means “to the staff member” or “to the server,” identifying the person who will receive the request in 직원에게 전부 확인해 달라고 할게. 에게 marks the recipient of a request or message. Use it after a person’s title or name when directing a request to that person.
전부
전부 means “everything” or “all of it” in 전부 확인해, referring to all the order details. It specifies the complete scope of the checking. Use 전부 before an action when the action applies to every relevant item.
확인해
확인해 contributes “check” or “confirm” in 전부 확인해, the action the speaker wants the server to perform. It is the spoken -해 form of 확인하다. Use this action when asking someone to verify order details or other information.
할게
할게 means “I’ll do it” and shows the speaker’s intention to take care of the request in 직원에게 전부 확인해 달라고 할게. It is used to offer or commit to an action in casual speech. Use the pattern “[action]할게” when telling someone that you will handle something.