About This Lesson
Use Explaining Damage to a Borrowed Bag to practice Korean conversation, pronunciation, vocabulary, grammar, and quizzes.
Dialogue
A
제가 빌린 가방에 대해 말씀드릴 게 있어요.
jeh-guh BEEL-lin gah-bahng-eh dae-heh mal-SSUHM-deu-ril geh ee-SSUH-yo. I need to tell you something about the bag I borrowed.
B
여행 중에 가방에 무슨 일이 있었어요?
yuh-heng joong-eh gah-bahng-eh moo-suhn NEE-ree ee-SSUHT-ssuh-yo? Did something happen to it during your trip?
A
지퍼가 걸렸고, 지퍼의 일부가 풀렸어요.
JEE-puh-gah guhl-LYUH-ssuh-go, JEE-puh-eh eel-boo-gah pool-LYUH-ssuh-yo. The zipper got stuck, and part of it came loose.
B
지퍼가 원래부터 손상되어 있었어요?
JEE-puh-gah WUHN-leh-boo-tuh son-sahng-dweh-uh ee-SSUHT-ssuh-yo? Was the zipper already damaged?
B
아니면 사용하시다가 망가졌어요?
ah-nee-myuhn sah-yong-ha-shee-dah-gah mang-gah-JYUH-ssuh-yo? Or did it break while you were using it?
A
전에는 괜찮아 보였기 때문에 제가 책임을 지고 싶어요.
juh-nee-nun gwen-chan-ah BOH-yuht-gi ddae-moon-eh jeh-gah chae-geem-eul jee-goh SHEE-puh-yo. It seemed fine before, so I want to take responsibility.
B
솔직하게 말해 줘서 고마워요. 그래도 수리할 수 있을지도 몰라요.
SOHL-jjee-kah-geh mal-heh jwuh-suh goh-ma-wuh-yo. guh-reh-doh soo-ree-hal soo ee-SSUHL-jee-doh mohl-LAH-yo. I appreciate your honesty. It may still be repairable.
A
필요하면 수리를 맡기거나 가방을 바꿔 드릴게요.
pee-ryoh-ha-myuhn soo-ree-reul maht-KKEE-guh-nah gah-bahng-eul bah-KKWUH deu-ril-GEH-yo. I can arrange the repair or replace the bag if needed.
B
결정하기 전에 수선집에 가져가 봐요.
gyuhl-juhng-ha-gee juhn-eh soo-suhn-jee-beh gah-jyuh-gah BWAH-yo. Let's take it to a repair shop before deciding.
A
그 일이 생기자마자 말씀드리지 못해서 죄송해요.
guh NEE-ree seng-gee-jah-mah-jah mal-SSUHM-deu-ree-jee moht-heh-suh JWEH-song-heh-yo. I'm sorry I didn't tell you as soon as it happened.
B
지금 말해 줘서 도움이 돼요. 수선집에서 뭐라고 하는지 알아봅시다.
jee-geum mal-heh jwuh-suh doh-oom-ee DWEH-yo. soo-suhn-jee-beh-suh mwuh-rah-goh hah-neun-jee ah-rah-BOHP-shee-dah. You brought it up now, and that helps. We'll see what they say.Word by Word
제가
제가 means I as the subject of the sentence. Here it identifies the speaker as the person who borrowed the bag; the subject marker 가 is attached to 저. It is useful when saying who performs an action, such as 제가 말씀드릴 게 있어요.
빌린
빌린 means borrowed and describes 가방, so 빌린 가방 means the bag that I borrowed. This exact form presents the borrowing as something completed before the current conversation. A common reuse pattern is 빌린 물건, meaning a borrowed item.
가방에
가방에 means the bag in the phrase 가방에 대해, where 에 combines with 대해 to mark the topic being discussed. Here it does not mean inside the bag. A common pattern is 물건에 대해 말하다, to talk about an item.
대해
대해 contributes the meaning about or concerning in 가방에 대해 말씀드릴 게 있어요. Together with a noun before it, it identifies the subject of what is being said. A reusable pattern is 사람에 대해 이야기하다, to talk about a person.
말씀드릴
말씀드릴 introduces something the speaker wants or needs to say politely to the listener. In 말씀드릴 게 있어요, it describes the information that will be communicated. A common reuse pattern is 말씀드릴 게 있어요 when politely announcing that there is something to say.
게
게 is the shortened nominal form in 말씀드릴 게 있어요 and refers to the thing the speaker has to say. The whole expression means I have something to tell you, while 게 marks that information as a thing. A common pattern is 할 게 있어요, meaning there is something to do.
있어요
있어요 means there is or I have in 말씀드릴 게 있어요, so the speaker says that something to tell the listener exists. It is the polite form used to state existence or possession in this sentence. A common pattern is 시간이 있어요, meaning I have time.
여행
여행 means trip or travel and identifies the period during which the incident may have occurred. In 여행 중에, it refers to the listener's trip. It can be reused in expressions about going on or being during a trip.
중에
중에 means during or in the middle of in 여행 중에. It places the event inside the period of the trip. A common pattern is 회의 중에, meaning during a meeting.
무슨
무슨 asks what kind of or what in 무슨 일이 있었어요. It modifies 일이 and asks about the nature of the event rather than naming a specific event. A common question pattern is 무슨 문제가 있어요, meaning what problem is there.
일이
일이 means a thing or event and is the subject of 무슨 일이 있었어요. In this context, it refers to an incident involving the bag. A common pattern is 무슨 일이 있었어요, used to ask what happened.
있었어요
있었어요 means happened in 무슨 일이 있었어요, literally presenting an event as having existed or occurred. It asks about an incident that took place during the trip. The pattern 무슨 일이 있었어요 is useful when asking what happened.
지퍼가
지퍼가 means the zipper as the subject of the problem in 지퍼가 걸렸고. The marker 가 identifies the zipper as the thing that got stuck. It can be reused when describing what a zipper did or what happened to it.
걸렸고
걸렸고 means got stuck and connects the stuck zipper to the next problem. Here 걸리다 describes the zipper catching or failing to move smoothly, and 고 links the two events. A common usage is a door or zipper getting stuck and then causing another issue.
지퍼의
지퍼의 means of the zipper and shows that 일부 belongs to or is part of the zipper. In 지퍼의 일부, it identifies which item's part came loose. A common pattern is 물건의 일부, meaning part of an item.
일부가
일부가 means part of it as the subject of 풀렸어요. In 지퍼의 일부가 풀렸어요, the part that came loose is identified as belonging to the zipper. A reusable pattern is N의 일부가 변하다, meaning part of N changes.
풀렸어요
풀렸어요 means came loose or became undone in 지퍼의 일부가 풀렸어요. It describes a previously fastened part no longer remaining secure. This form is useful for describing a knot, fastening, or part that has come loose.
원래부터
원래부터 means from the beginning or originally and asks whether the zipper was already damaged before the trip. It emphasizes that the condition may have existed from the outset. A common pattern is 원래부터 문제가 있었어요, meaning there was a problem from the beginning.
손상되어
손상되어 contributes being damaged in 손상되어 있었어요. It presents the zipper as being in a damaged state before the current use. A common pattern is 물건이 손상되어 있다, meaning an item is damaged.
아니면
아니면 means or and introduces the alternative explanation in 아니면 사용하시다가 망가졌어요. It contrasts prior damage with damage that occurred during use. A common question pattern is A 아니면 B, asking whether the answer is A or B.
사용하시다가
사용하시다가 means while you were using it in the question about when the bag broke. 사용하다 means use, and the form includes polite reference to the listener while connecting the use to the later damage. A common pattern is N을 사용하시다가 문제가 생기다, meaning a problem occurs while someone is using N.
망가졌어요
망가졌어요 means broke or got damaged, referring here to the zipper becoming damaged during use. It describes the resulting condition in a polite sentence ending. A common pattern is 기계가 망가졌어요, meaning the machine broke.
전에는
전에는 means before or previously and sets an earlier time for the bag's condition. In 전에는 괜찮아 보였기 때문에, the earlier appearance is contrasted with the current damage. A common pattern is 전에는 괜찮았어요, meaning it was fine before.
괜찮아
괜찮아 contributes fine or okay in 괜찮아 보였기 때문에. Together with 보이다, it means that the zipper looked fine rather than directly asserting its condition. A common pattern is 괜찮아 보이다, meaning to look fine.
보였기
보였기 presents the zipper's earlier appearance as the reason in 괜찮아 보였기 때문에. It contributes looked or seemed, and 때문에 connects that appearance to the speaker's wish to take responsibility. A common pattern is 좋아 보이기 때문에, meaning because it looks good.
때문에
때문에 means because or due to and introduces the reason for the following statement. Here 괜찮아 보였기 때문에 explains why the speaker wants to take responsibility. A common pattern is V-기 때문에, meaning because someone does or something is a certain way.
책임을
책임을 means responsibility as the object in 책임을 지고 싶어요. It identifies what the speaker wants to take or bear. The common expression 책임을 지다 means to take responsibility.
지고
지고 contributes take or bear in 책임을 지고 싶어요, where the whole expression means take responsibility and want to do so. It connects 책임을 지다 to 싶어요. A common pattern is 책임을 지다 when accepting responsibility for a result.
싶어요
싶어요 means want to and follows the action in 책임을 지고 싶어요. It expresses the speaker's wish to take responsibility. A common pattern is V-고 싶어요, meaning want to do V.
솔직하게
솔직하게 means honestly or frankly and describes how the listener spoke about the damage. It modifies 말해 줘서 and makes the reason for the thanks clear. A common pattern is 솔직하게 말하다, meaning to speak honestly.
말해
말해 contributes tell or say in 말해 줘서, referring to the listener telling the speaker about the situation. The form connects the telling action to the following expression of thanks. A common pattern is someone에게 사실을 말하다, meaning to tell someone the truth.
줘서
줘서 contributes doing something for the speaker in 말해 줘서 고마워요. The whole expression means thank you for telling me, while 줘서 marks the action as a helpful act for the listener. A common pattern is 도와줘서 고마워요, meaning thank you for helping.
고마워요
고마워요 means thank you or I appreciate it in response to the listener's honest explanation. Here it expresses gratitude for 말해 줘서. A common pattern is V-아/어 줘서 고마워요, meaning thank you for doing V.
그래도
그래도 means still or even so and introduces a reassuring point despite the zipper problem. Here it signals that repair may remain possible. A common usage pattern is 그래도 괜찮아요, meaning it is still okay.
수리할
수리할 means to repair in 수리할 수 있을지도 몰라요 and comes before 수 in a possibility expression. It identifies repair as the possible action for the damaged bag. A common pattern is 수리할 수 있다, meaning it is possible to repair it.
수
수 means possibility or ability in 수리할 수 있을지도 몰라요. It forms the construction that says repair may be possible, rather than naming a physical object. A common pattern is V-(으)ㄹ 수 있다, meaning can or be possible to do V.
있을지도
있을지도 contributes the possibility part of 수리할 수 있을지도 몰라요, suggesting that repair may be possible. 몰라요 completes the expression of uncertainty. A common pattern is V-(으)ㄹ지도 모르다, meaning may or might do V.
몰라요
몰라요 literally means do not know, but in 수리할 수 있을지도 몰라요 it completes the expression may still be possible. The speaker is presenting a possibility without certainty. A common pattern is V-(으)ㄹ지도 몰라요, meaning it might be that V.
필요하면
필요하면 means if needed and introduces the condition for arranging repair or replacing the bag. It says the speaker will take the next action only when it is necessary. A common pattern is 필요하면 V, meaning do V if needed.
수리를
수리를 means the repair as the object of 맡기거나. In 수리를 맡기거나, it refers to entrusting the repair to a repair service. A common pattern is 수리를 맡기다, meaning to have a repair done by someone else.
맡기거나
맡기거나 means entrust or arrange and presents repair as one alternative in 수리를 맡기거나 가방을 바꿔 드릴게요. The ending 거나 links this option with replacing the bag. A common pattern is N을 맡기거나 다른 방법을 찾다, meaning entrust N or look for another method.
가방을
가방을 means the bag as the object of 바꿔. Here it is the item the speaker offers to replace if repair is not suitable. A common pattern is N을 바꾸다, meaning to change or replace N.
바꿔
바꿔 contributes replace or change in 바꿔 드릴게요. It connects the replacement action to the polite offer to do it for the listener. A common pattern is N을 바꿔 드리다, meaning to replace N for someone.
드릴게요
드릴게요 is a polite offer or promise to do something for the listener. In 바꿔 드릴게요, it means I will replace it for you. A common pattern is V-아/어 드릴게요 when offering to do V for someone.
결정하기
결정하기 means deciding in 결정하기 전에. It turns the action of deciding into the activity that comes after 전에. A common pattern is V-기 전에, meaning before doing V.
전에
전에 means before and places the visit to the repair shop before the decision. In 결정하기 전에, it marks deciding as the later action. A common pattern is N 전에 or V-기 전에, meaning before N or before doing V.
수선집에
수선집에 means to the repair shop in 수선집에 가져가 봐요. The marker 에 shows the destination of taking the damaged bag. A common pattern is N에 가져가다, meaning take something to N.
가져가
가져가 means take it there in 수선집에 가져가 봐요. It directs the bag toward the repair shop and connects the action to 봐요. A common pattern is N을 가져가다, meaning to take N to another place.
봐요
봐요 means let us try in 가져가 봐요 rather than simply look. Together with 가져가, it makes a gentle suggestion to try taking the bag to the repair shop. A common pattern is V-아/어 봐요, meaning try doing V.
그
그 means that in 그 일이, pointing to the incident that happened to the bag. It identifies the event as something already understood from the conversation. A common pattern is 그 문제, meaning that problem.
생기자마자
생기자마자 means as soon as it happened in 그 일이 생기자마자. It says the speaker should have told the owner immediately after the incident occurred. A common pattern is V-자마자, meaning as soon as V happens.
말씀드리지
말씀드리지 contributes the polite or humble act of telling the listener in 말씀드리지 못해서. It presents the telling action as the one the speaker failed to complete. A common pattern is 누구에게 말씀드리다, meaning to tell someone politely.
못해서
못해서 means because I could not or because I failed to in 말씀드리지 못해서 죄송해요. It gives the reason for the apology: the speaker did not manage to tell the owner. A common pattern is V-지 못해서 죄송해요, meaning I am sorry that I could not do V.
죄송해요
죄송해요 means I am sorry and apologizes for not telling the owner promptly. In this dialogue it follows the reason 말씀드리지 못해서. A common pattern is V-지 못해서 죄송해요 when apologizing for failing to do something.
지금
지금 means now or at this point in 지금 말해 줘서. It emphasizes that the speaker has brought up the problem in the current conversation. A common pattern is 지금 V, meaning do V now.
도움이
도움이 means help as the subject of 도움이 돼요. In this sentence, bringing up the problem now is presented as something that helps. A common pattern is N이 도움이 되다, meaning N is helpful.
돼요
돼요 means helps or is helpful in 도움이 돼요. Together with 도움이, it says that the speaker's disclosure is useful. A common pattern is 도움이 돼요, meaning it is helpful.
수선집에서
수선집에서 means at the repair shop and marks the place where the repair staff will give their assessment. The marker 에서 identifies the location of the action. A common pattern is 장소에서 말하다, meaning speak at a place.
뭐라고
뭐라고 means what, referring to the words or response that the repair shop will give in 뭐라고 하는지. It asks about the content of someone's speech or statement. A common pattern is 뭐라고 말하다, meaning say what.
하는지
하는지 forms the embedded question in 뭐라고 하는지 알아봅시다, meaning what they say. It allows that unknown response to function as the thing the speakers will find out. A common pattern is V-는지 알다 or 모르다, meaning know or not know whether or what V.
알아봅시다
알아봅시다 means let's find out or let's check. Here it proposes checking what the repair shop says before deciding what to do. A common pattern is N을 알아보다, meaning find out about or check N.
Grammar Points
동사-자마자
문제가 생기자마자 말씀드릴게요.
moon-jeh-gah seng-gee-jah-mah-jah mal-SSUHM-deu-ril-GEH-yo.I’ll tell you as soon as a problem occurs.
‘-자마자’는 앞의 일이 끝난 직후에 뒤의 일이 일어남을 나타냅니다.
동사-다가
가방을 사용하시다가 지퍼가 걸렸어요.
gah-bahng-eul sah-yong-ha-shee-dah-gah JEE-puh-gah guhl-LYUH-ssuh-yo.The zipper got stuck while you were using the bag.
‘-다가’는 어떤 행동을 하던 중에 다른 일이 일어났음을 나타냅니다.
Korean Vocabulary
가방
noun
gah-bahng
bag
빌린 가방
걸리다
verb
GUHL-lee-dah
to get stuck
걸렸고
지퍼가 걸렸고
말씀드리다
verb
mal-SSUHM-deu-ree-dah
to tell; to say
말씀드릴
말씀드릴 게 있어요
무슨 일
phrase
moo-suhn NEEL
what happened; what matter
무슨 일이 있었어요?
빌리다
verb
BEEL-lee-dah
to borrow
빌린
제가 빌린 가방
사용하다
verb
sah-yong-ha-dah
to use
사용하시다가
사용하시다가 망가졌어요
손상되다
verb
son-sahng-DWEH-dah
to be damaged
손상되어 있었어요
지퍼가 원래부터 손상되어 있었어요?
여행 중에
phrase
yuh-heng joong-eh
during the trip
여행 중에 가방에 무슨 일이 있었어요?
원래부터
adv
WUHN-leh-boo-tuh
from the beginning; originally
원래부터 손상되어 있었어요
일부
noun
EEL-boo
part; portion
지퍼의 일부
지퍼
noun
JEE-puh
zipper
지퍼가 걸렸고
풀리다
verb
POOL-lee-dah
to come loose; to be undone
풀렸어요
지퍼의 일부가 풀렸어요
Quiz
Word Order
Arrange the words in the correct order.
Did something happen to it during your trip?
Show Answer
여행 중에 가방에 무슨 일이 있었어요?The zipper got stuck, and part of it came loose.
Show Answer
지퍼가 걸렸고, 지퍼의 일부가 풀렸어요.Was the zipper already damaged?
Show Answer
지퍼가 원래부터 손상되어 있었어요?Spelling
Tap the letters to spell the word.
to come loose; to be undone
Show Answer
풀렸어요to tell; to say
Show Answer
말씀드릴from the beginning; originally
Show Answer
원래부터to use