About This Lesson
Use Strengthening an Energy-Use Proposal to practice Korean conversation, pronunciation, vocabulary, grammar, and quizzes.
Dialogue
A
나는 사무실의 에너지 사용을 줄이기 위한 제안서를 작성했어.
NAH-neun sah-moo-shi-LEH eh-nuh-JEE sah-YONG-eul joo-LEE-gee wee-hahn jeh-AHN-suh-reul jak-SUHNG-heh-SUH. I drafted a proposal for reducing energy use in the office.
B
그 제안서에는 이점과 비용, 그리고 예상되는 반대 의견이 포함되어야 해.
geu jeh-AHN-suh-eh-neun ee-JJUM-gwah bee-YONG, guh-REE-goh yeh-SAHNG-dweh-neun ban-DEH ee-GYUHN-ee po-hahm-DWEH-uh-yah heh. It should include benefits, costs, and possible objections.
A
이점에 관한 부분은 준비됐지만, 반대 의견에 관한 부분에는 더 자세한 내용이 필요해.
ee-JJUM-eh gwan-hahn boo-BOON-eun joon-bee-DWAET-jjee-man, ban-DEH ee-GYUHN-eh gwan-hahn boo-BOO-neh-neun duh jah-SEH-hahn neh-YONG-ee pee-RYOH-heh. The benefits section is ready, but the objections section needs more detail.
B
우려 사항을 미리 예상하면 제안서의 신뢰도가 높아질 거야.
oo-RYUH sah-HAHNG-eul mee-REE yeh-SAHNG-ha-myun jeh-AHN-suh-eh shil-LWEH-doh-gah no-PAH-jil KKUH-yah. Anticipating concerns will make the proposal more credible.
A
일부 팀은 편안함이나 장비의 신뢰성에 대해 걱정할 수도 있어.
eel-BOO teem-eun pyuh-NAHN-hahm-ee-nah jahng-BEE-eh shil-LWEH-suhng-eh teh-HEH guhK-JJUNG-hal SSOO-doh EE-ssuh. Some teams may worry about comfort or equipment reliability.
B
그렇다면 약속하기보다 시범 운영으로 그런 우려에 답해야 해.
guh-ruh-TAH-myun yak-SSOH-ka-gee-boh-dah shee-BUHM oo-NYUNG-uh-ro guh-run oo-RYUH-eh dah-PEH-yah heh. Then address those concerns with pilots rather than promises.
A
소규모 시험을 진행하면 더 넓게 도입하기 전에 근거를 마련할 수 있을 거야.
soh-GYOO-moh shee-HUH-meul jeen-HENG-ha-myun duh neol-KKeh do-EE-pa-gee juh-neh guhn-GUH-reul mah-RYUN-hal SSOO ee-SSUHL KKUH-yah. A small trial would produce evidence before broader adoption.
B
그러면 경영진이 승인하기가 더 쉬워질 거야.
guh-ruh-myun kyung-YUNG-jee-nee seung-EEN-ha-gee-gah duh shee-WUH-jil KKUH-yah. That would make approval easier for leadership.Word by Word
나는
나는 means “I” or “as for me” here, marking 나 as the topic of the sentence. Use it after 나 when introducing your own action or view, such as in “나는 ... 작성했어.”
사무실의
사무실의 means “of the office” and links 사무실 to the following noun in “사무실의 에너지 사용.” Use 의 to show a relationship such as an office’s equipment or a company’s policy. This form is useful when describing what belongs to or is associated with a place.
에너지
에너지 means “energy” here, referring to the energy used in the office. It is used as a noun before 사용 in “에너지 사용.” Use it when discussing energy consumption, sources, or saving energy at work.
사용을
사용을 means “use” as the object of 줄이다 in “에너지 사용을 줄이기.” The 을 marks what is being reduced. Use the pattern “N을 줄이다” when saying that you reduce a quantity or type of use.
줄이기
줄이기 means “reducing” in “사용을 줄이기 위한,” describing the purpose of the proposal. It comes from 줄이다 and uses the -기 form before 위한. Use “V-기 위한 N” for something intended to achieve an action.
위한
위한 means “for” or “intended for” in “줄이기 위한 제안서,” showing the purpose of the proposal. It connects an action or purpose to a following noun. Use the reusable pattern “V-기 위한 N,” such as a plan intended to solve a problem.
제안서를
제안서를 means “proposal” as the object of 작성했어 in “제안서를 작성했어.” The 를 marks the proposal that was drafted. Use “제안서를 작성하다” when preparing a proposal in a workplace setting.
작성했어
작성했어 means “drafted” or “wrote” here, referring to completing the proposal. It is the informal spoken form used with a familiar colleague and comes from 작성하다. Use “문서를 작성하다” for writing or preparing a document.
그
그 means “that” or “the mentioned” here, referring back to the proposal already introduced. It appears before 제안서 in “그 제안서에는.” Use it when identifying something known from the conversation rather than introducing it for the first time.
제안서에는
제안서에는 means “in the proposal” or “as for the proposal,” setting the proposal as the place or topic where contents are included. 에는 combines 에 with the topic marker 는. Use “N에는 ... 포함되어야 해” when listing what a document or plan should contain.
이점과
이점과 means “benefits and,” connecting 이점 to another item in “이점과 비용.” The 과 marks coordination between nouns. Use it to join two or more items in a list, such as benefits and costs.
비용
비용 means “costs” in the list “이점과 비용.” It refers to the money or resources required for the proposal. Use it with words such as 예상하다 or 줄이다 when discussing expected or reduced costs.
그리고
그리고 means “and,” adding another item or idea after the preceding list. Here it introduces 예상되는 반대 의견. Use 그리고 to connect related points in a spoken explanation or presentation.
예상되는
예상되는 means “expected” or “anticipated” and modifies 반대 의견 in “예상되는 반대 의견.” It presents the objections as concerns that may arise in advance. Use “예상되는 문제” or “예상되는 질문” when referring to likely future issues.
반대
반대 indicates opposition in the expression “반대 의견,” which means objections or opposing opinions. It does not by itself mean the whole expression; it supplies the idea of being against something. Use it before a noun when describing opposition to a plan or proposal.
의견이
의견이 means “opinions” or “objections” as the subject of 포함되어야 해 in “반대 의견이 포함되어야 해.” The 이 marks the opinions as what should be included. Use “의견이 포함되다” when opinions or comments are included in a document.
포함되어야
포함되어야 means “must be included” in “포함되어야 해,” expressing a requirement about the proposal’s contents. The form combines inclusion with the necessity pattern completed by 해. Use “N이 포함되어야 해” when stating that a required item needs to appear in something.
해
해 completes the informal necessity expression “포함되어야 해,” meaning “must be included.” With the preceding -어야, it gives a spoken requirement rather than a simple statement. Use “V-아야 해” when telling a colleague what needs to be done.
이점에
이점에 means “about the benefits” in the phrase “이점에 관한 부분.” The 에 marks the topic associated with 관한. Use “N에 관한 N” when labeling a section or discussion concerning a particular subject.
관한
관한 means “concerning” or “related to” and modifies 부분 in “이점에 관한 부분.” Together, 이점에 관한 부분 means “the section about the benefits.” Use the reusable pattern “N에 관한 N” for headings, reports, and explanations.
부분은
부분은 means “the section” or “the part” as the topic of the sentence in “부분은 준비됐지만.” 은 marks this section as the topic being contrasted with another section. Use it when comparing different parts of a document or process.
의견에
의견에 means “about the opinions” in “반대 의견에 관한 부분.” The 에 helps form the relationship with 관한. Use it when identifying the subject of a section, discussion, or question.
부분에는
부분에는 means “in the section” or “as for the section,” indicating where more content is needed. 에는 combines a location or target marker with the topic marker. Use “부분에는 ... 필요해” when saying that a particular section needs something.
더
더 means “more” here, indicating an amount greater than what is currently present. In “더 자세한 내용,” it modifies 자세한 내용. Use 더 before an adjective or noun phrase when requesting or describing an additional degree or amount.
자세한
자세한 means “detailed” and modifies 내용 in “더 자세한 내용.” It asks for information with more specific explanation or detail. Use “자세한 설명” or “자세한 내용” when a report or answer needs greater detail.
내용이
내용이 means “content” or “details” as the subject of 필요해 in “내용이 필요해.” The 이 marks the content that is needed. Use “내용이 필요하다” when explaining that a document, section, or message lacks necessary information.
필요해
필요해 means “is needed” or “is necessary” here, referring to the additional details required in the objections section. It is an informal spoken form used with a colleague. Use “N이 필요해” to say that an item or condition is needed.
우려
우려 means “concern” in “우려 사항,” referring to possible worries about the proposal. In this dialogue it helps identify issues that should be anticipated and addressed. Use it in workplace discussions about risks, reservations, or stakeholder concerns.
사항을
사항을 means “matters” or “points” as the object in “우려 사항을 미리 예상하면.” The 를 marks the matters being anticipated. Use “N 사항을 확인하다” or “N 사항을 검토하다” when handling specific points in a work document.
미리
미리 means “in advance” or “beforehand,” showing that the concerns are considered before they arise. It modifies 예상하면 in “미리 예상하면.” Use it when preparing for questions, problems, or objections ahead of a meeting or decision.
예상하면
예상하면 means “if” or “when anticipating,” describing the condition that can improve the proposal’s credibility. It comes from 예상하다 with the conditional ending -면. Use “미리 V-면” when explaining a preparation that leads to a later result.
제안서의
제안서의 means “of the proposal,” linking the proposal to its credibility in “제안서의 신뢰도.” 의 marks the relationship between the proposal and the following noun. Use it when describing a proposal’s purpose, structure, quality, or credibility.
신뢰도가
신뢰도가 means “credibility” or “reliability” as the subject of 높아질 거야 in “신뢰도가 높아질 거야.” The 가 marks the quality expected to increase. Use “신뢰도가 높다” when saying that a plan, source, or person is considered trustworthy.
높아질
높아질 means “will become higher” or “will increase” in “신뢰도가 높아질 거야.” It describes a change in level or quality that is expected to follow from anticipating concerns. Use “N이 높아지다” for credibility, efficiency, or another measurable quality becoming greater.
거야
거야 gives “높아질 거야” a conversational prediction, meaning “will become higher” or “is expected to become higher.” It presents the result as the speaker’s expectation. Use it in informal conversation when predicting a likely outcome.
일부
일부 means “some” or “a portion of” a larger group, modifying 팀 in “일부 팀은.” It indicates that the concern may apply only to certain teams. Use it before a group noun when making a limited rather than universal statement.
팀은
팀은 means “the teams” or “as for some teams,” marking 팀 as the topic in “일부 팀은 ... 걱정할 수도 있어.” 은 introduces the group whose possible reaction is being discussed. Use it when contrasting one team or group with another.
편안함이나
편안함이나 means “comfort or,” connecting 편안함 with 장비의 신뢰성 as possible concerns. The 나 presents an alternative item in the list. Use it to list possible causes, concerns, or choices in a sentence.
장비의
장비의 means “of the equipment,” linking the equipment to its reliability in “장비의 신뢰성.” 의 shows the relationship between the equipment and the following quality. Use it when describing equipment condition, performance, or reliability.
신뢰성에
신뢰성에 means “about reliability” in “신뢰성에 대해 걱정할 수도 있어.” The 에 helps mark the subject of concern within the following expression. Use it when discussing whether equipment or a system can be relied on.
대해
대해 means “about” or “concerning” in the expression “신뢰성에 대해 걱정하다.” It introduces the topic of the worry. Use the pattern “N에 대해 걱정하다” when describing concern about a specific issue.
걱정할
걱정할 means “to worry” in “걱정할 수도 있어,” where the possibility of worrying is being discussed. It is the form of 걱정하다 used before 수도 있어. Use “N에 대해 걱정하다” for expressing concern about an issue.
수도
수도 is part of “걱정할 수도 있어,” which means “may worry” or “might worry.” 수 expresses possibility and 도 adds the sense that this is one possible outcome. Use the pattern “V-(으)ㄹ 수도 있다” when something may happen but is not certain.
있어
있어 completes the possibility expression “걱정할 수도 있어,” meaning that the teams may worry. It is the informal spoken form used with a colleague. Use “V-(으)ㄹ 수도 있어” to say that an action or situation is possible.
그렇다면
그렇다면 means “then” or “if so,” connecting the previous possible concerns to the next recommendation. It treats the preceding information as a condition for what follows. Use it at the start of a response when drawing a practical conclusion.
약속하기보다
약속하기보다 means “rather than making promises” in “약속하기보다 시범 운영으로.” It compares two approaches and favors the second one. Use the pattern “V-기보다” when recommending one action instead of another.
시범
시범 means “pilot” or “demonstration” in “시범 운영,” referring to a limited trial operation. Together, 시범 운영 means operating something on a trial basis. Use it in workplace discussions about testing a policy or system before wider use.
운영으로
운영으로 means “through pilot operation” or “by operating it,” in “시범 운영으로 ... 답해야 해.” 로 marks the means used to address the concerns. Use “N으로 해결하다” or “N으로 확인하다” when describing the method used to handle an issue.
그런
그런 means “such” or “those” and modifies 우려 in “그런 우려.” It refers back to the concerns just mentioned, such as comfort or equipment reliability. Use it before a noun when pointing to a type of issue already described.
우려에
우려에 means “to the concerns” or “in response to the concerns” in “그런 우려에 답해야 해.” The 에 marks the concern as the target being addressed. Use “우려에 답하다” when responding to someone’s reservations or objections.
답해야
답해야 means “must answer” or, in this workplace context, “must address” in “우려에 답해야 해.” It comes from 답하다 and uses the necessity form before the final 해 in the dialogue. Use “N에 답해야 해” when saying that a question, concern, or objection needs a response.
소규모
소규모 means “small-scale” and modifies 시험 in “소규모 시험.” It emphasizes that the trial is limited in size before broader adoption. Use it before nouns such as 시험, 운영, or 조사 when describing a limited initiative.
시험을
시험을 means “trial” or “test” as the object of 진행하면 in “시험을 진행하면.” The 를 marks the trial being conducted. Use “시험을 진행하다” when carrying out a test or pilot process.
진행하면
진행하면 means “if” or “when conducting,” describing the condition of running the small-scale trial. It comes from 진행하다 with -면. Use “N을 진행하면” when explaining what may happen after carrying out a meeting, test, or project.
넓게
넓게 means “broadly” or “more widely” in “넓게 도입하기 전에.” It describes the scope of adoption. Use it before an action verb when contrasting a limited trial with wider implementation.
도입하기
도입하기 means “adopting” or “introducing” in “넓게 도입하기 전에.” It uses the -기 form before 전에 to refer to the action as an event. Use “V-기 전에” when describing something that must happen before adoption or introduction.
전에
전에 means “before” in “도입하기 전에,” placing the evidence-gathering step earlier than wider adoption. After a verb, it commonly follows the -기 form. Use “V-기 전에” to state what should happen before an action.
근거를
근거를 means “evidence” or “basis” as the object of 마련할 in “근거를 마련할 수 있을 거야.” The 를 marks the evidence being prepared or established. Use “근거를 마련하다” when building a basis for approval or a decision.
마련할
마련할 means “to prepare” or “to establish” in “근거를 마련할 수 있을 거야.” It describes creating the evidence needed for a later decision. Use “N을 마련하다” for preparing resources, evidence, or a practical basis.
수
수 is part of “마련할 수 있을 거야,” expressing ability or possibility. It is not the complete meaning by itself; the surrounding construction says that evidence can be established. Use the pattern “V-(으)ㄹ 수 있다” when saying that something is possible or can be done.
있을
있을 is part of “마련할 수 있을 거야,” helping express that the possibility is expected to exist. Together with 수 and 거야, it presents the result as a likely possibility. Use “V-(으)ㄹ 수 있을 거야” when making a conversational prediction about what can be achieved.
그러면
그러면 means “then” or “in that case,” introducing the expected consequence of gathering evidence. It links the previous proposal to the easier approval mentioned next. Use it to begin a result or conclusion based on what was just said.
경영진이
경영진이 means “leadership” or “management” as the subject of approving in “경영진이 승인하기가 쉬워질 거야.” The 이 marks the group whose approval process is being discussed. Use it when referring to the management group responsible for organizational decisions.
승인하기가
승인하기가 means “approving” as the subject of 쉬워질 in “승인하기가 쉬워질 거야.” It combines 승인하다 with -기가 to turn the action into the thing whose difficulty changes. Use “V-기가 쉽다” or “V-기가 어렵다” to describe how easy or difficult an action is.
쉬워질
쉬워질 means “will become easier” in “쉬워질 거야,” referring to the approval process becoming less difficult for leadership. It comes from 쉬워지다 and describes a change in difficulty. Use “V-기가 쉬워지다” when preparation or evidence makes an action easier.
Grammar Points
V-아/어야 해
반대 의견이 포함되어야 해.
ban-DEH ee-GYUHN-ee po-hahm-DWEH-uh-yah heh.An objection must be included.
This pattern expresses obligation. The passive form 포함되어야 해 means “must be included.”
V-기보다
약속하기보다 답해야 해.
yak-SSOH-ka-gee-boh-dah dah-PEH-yah heh.Rather than promise, you have to respond.
This pattern contrasts two actions and means “rather than doing V1, do V2.”
Korean Vocabulary
내용
noun
neh-YONG
content; detail
반대 의견
phrase
ban-DEH ee-GYUHN
objection
부분
noun
boo-BOON
section; part
비용
noun
bee-YONG
cost
사무실
noun
sah-moo-SHIL
office
에너지 사용
phrase
eh-nuh-JEE sah-YONG
energy use
이점
noun
ee-JUM
benefit
자세하다
adj
jah-SEH-hah-dah
to be detailed
자세한
작성하다
verb
jak-SUHNG-hah-dah
to draft; to write
작성했어
제안서
noun
jeh-AHN-suh
proposal
줄이다
verb
joo-LEE-dah
to reduce
줄이기
포함되다
verb
po-hahm-DWEH-dah
to be included
포함되어야 해
Quiz
Word Order
Arrange the words in the correct order.
That would make approval easier for leadership.
Show Answer
그러면 경영진이 승인하기가 더 쉬워질 거야.Spelling
Tap the letters to spell the word.
to draft; to write
Show Answer
작성했어section; part
Show Answer
부분office
Show Answer
사무실proposal