J'ai
“J'ai” means “I have” in “J'ai trop de tâches”. It is the first-person form of avoir and is reusable before a noun, as in “J'ai” plus something possessed or experienced.
trop
“trop” means “too much” or “too many” in “trop de tâches”. With a noun, the reusable pattern is “trop de” plus the thing that is excessive.
de
In “trop de tâches”, “de” links the quantity “trop” to what is being counted. This same pattern is useful after quantity expressions before a noun.
tâches
“tâches” means “tasks” in “trop de tâches”. The singular citation form is “tâche”; here the plural form refers to several pieces of work.
ce
“ce” means “this” in “ce matin”, pointing to the morning that is happening now. It is used before the noun in this time expression.
matin
“matin” means “morning” in “ce matin”. The reusable expression “ce matin” refers to this morning, usually the current day’s morning.
Classe
“Classe” tells one person to list or rank something in “Classe-les”. It is the command form used before the attached pronoun “les”.
les
“les” means “them” in “Classe-les”, referring to the tasks already mentioned. In this command, it is attached to the verb with a hyphen: “Classe-les”.
d'abord
“d'abord” means “first” in “Classe-les d'abord” and “réponds d'abord”. It marks the action that should happen before the others.
par
“par” means “by” or “according to” in “par priorité”. It introduces the criterion used for organizing the tasks.
priorité
“priorité” means “priority” in “par priorité”. The expression “par priorité” describes arranging things according to how urgent or important they are.
Cet
“Cet” means “this” in “Cet e-mail”, identifying one particular email. It is the form used here before “e-mail” in this demonstrative expression.
e-mail
“e-mail” means “email” in “Cet e-mail est urgent”. It can be used as the thing that is urgent, answered, or discussed in a work context.
est
“est” means “is” in “est urgent” and “est important”. It is a form of être used to connect the subject with a description.
urgent
“urgent” describes the email as needing attention quickly in “Cet e-mail est urgent”. The reusable pattern is a noun followed by “est urgent” when something requires prompt action.
Le
“Le” means “the” in “Le rapport”, referring to the specific report under discussion. The same article appears in lowercase in “le rendre” before the pronoun refers to the report.
rapport
“rapport” means “report” in “Le rapport est important”. The phrase “rendre le rapport” is used for submitting the report.
important
“important” describes the report as significant in “Le rapport est important”. The reusable pattern is “être important” when explaining that something matters.
Quand
“Quand” means “when” in “Quand faut-il rendre le rapport ?”. It introduces a question about the time of an action or deadline.
faut
In “faut-il rendre le rapport ?”, “faut” expresses necessity as part of the impersonal expression “il faut”. The reusable pattern “il faut” plus an infinitive says that an action is necessary.
il
“il” is the impersonal subject in “faut-il” and “Il faut le rendre”, so it does not refer to a particular person. It appears with “faut” to express necessity.
rendre
“rendre” means “submit” or “hand in” in “rendre le rapport”. The reusable pattern is “rendre” plus the item being submitted.
demain
“demain” means “tomorrow” in “demain après-midi”. It identifies the day after today when describing when the report must be submitted.
après-midi
“après-midi” means “afternoon” in “demain après-midi”. Together with “demain”, it specifies the time of the deadline.
Alors
“Alors” means “then” in “Alors, réponds d'abord”. It connects the deadline information to the next decision or instruction.
réponds
“réponds” tells one person to answer or reply in “réponds d'abord à l'e-mail urgent”. It is used with “à” before the message or person receiving the reply.
à
“à” means “to” in “réponds ... à l'e-mail urgent”. The verb “répondre” is used with “à” to identify what or whom someone answers.
Après
“Après” means “after” in “Après ça”. It places the next action after the situation or action already mentioned.
ça
“ça” means “that” or “that situation” in “Après ça” and “Ça devrait”. It points back to the action or situation being discussed.
je
“je” means “I” in “je travaillerai”. It identifies the person who will carry out the following action.
travaillerai
“travaillerai” means “will work” in “je travaillerai sur le rapport”. It is used with “sur” to say what someone will work on.
sur
“sur” means “on” in “travaillerai sur le rapport”. The reusable pattern “travailler sur” introduces the task or subject receiving someone’s work.
devrait
“devrait” means “should” in “Ça devrait t'aider”. Here it presents the help as an expected result rather than a direct command.
t'aider
“t'aider” means “help you” in “Ça devrait t'aider à te sentir moins stressé”. It combines “t'” for “you” with the infinitive “aider”; the reusable pattern is “aider quelqu'un à” plus an infinitive.
te
“te” refers to “you” in “te sentir”, the person experiencing the feeling. In “t'aider”, it appears in the shortened form “t'” before the vowel sound of “aider”.
sentir
“sentir” means “feel” in “te sentir moins stressé”. After “à”, the infinitive introduces the feeling that the help is intended to produce.
moins
“moins” means “less” in “moins stressé”. The reusable pattern “moins” plus a describing word indicates a reduced degree of that quality.
stressé
“stressé” describes the state of feeling stressed in “te sentir moins stressé”. With “moins”, the expression describes a reduction in stress.