About This Lesson
Use Checking ingredients before cooking to practice Japanese conversation, pronunciation, vocabulary, grammar, and quizzes.
Dialogue
A
料理を始める前に、どんな材料がありますか？
RYOH-ree oh hah-jee-MEH-roo mah-eh nee, DOHN-nah zye-RYOH gah ah-ree-MAHS kah? Before we start cooking, what ingredients do we have?
B
このレシピには玉ねぎとトマトが必要です。
KOH-noh REH-shee-pee nee wah tah-mah-NEH-gee toh toh-MAH-toh gah heet-soo-YOH dess. The recipe needs onions and tomatoes.
A
トマトはありますが、玉ねぎはありません。
toh-MAH-toh wah ah-ree-MAHS gah, tah-mah-NEH-gee wah ah-ree-mah-SEN. We have tomatoes, but we're out of onions.
B
代わりに青ねぎを使えますか？
kah-wah-REE nee ah-oh-NEH-gee oh tsoo-kah-eh-MAHS kah? Can we use green onions instead?
A
たぶん使えますが、味は違います。
tah-BOON tsoo-kah-eh-MAHS gah, AH-jee wah chee-GUY-mahs. Maybe, but the taste will be different.
B
では、近所の店で玉ねぎを買います。
DEH-wah, KEEN-joh noh MEE-seh deh tah-mah-NEH-gee oh kye-MAHS. Then I'll buy onions from the corner shop.
A
まだご飯の量を量る必要があります。
MAH-dah goh-HAHN noh RYOH oh hah-KAH-roo heet-soo-YOH gah ah-ree-MAHS. We still need to measure the rice.
B
戻ってから、4人分のお米を量ります。
moh-DOHT-teh kah-RAH, yoh-NEEN-boon noh oh-KOH-meh oh hah-kah-ree-MAHS. I'll measure enough rice for four people after I get back.Word by Word
料理
In 「料理を始める」, 料理 means cooking, the activity that is about to begin. A useful pattern is 「料理をする」 for doing cooking.
を
In 「料理を始める」, を marks 料理 as the object of the action 始める. The same pattern can be used with another activity, such as 「勉強を始める」 as a new example.
始める
始める means to start, and in 「料理を始める」 it means to start cooking. A reusable pattern is 「仕事を始める」 as a new example.
前
In 「始める前に」, 前 means before and points to the time before cooking starts. The pattern 「動作の前に」 can introduce something done before an action.
に
In 「始める前に」, に marks the time when something happens: before starting. The pattern 「時間や動作の前に」 is used for an earlier time or action.
どんな
どんな asks what kind or what sort of thing, and in 「どんな材料」 it asks what kinds of ingredients there are. It is placed directly before the noun it describes.
材料
In 「どんな材料がありますか」, 材料 means ingredients for the cooking. A useful pattern is 「材料を用意する」 as a new example.
が
In 「どんな材料がありますか」, が marks the ingredients being identified as present. The pattern 「何がありますか」 uses が when asking what exists or is available.
あります
In 「どんな材料がありますか」, あります says that ingredients are available or that they have them. A reusable pattern is 「冷蔵庫に野菜があります」 as a new example.
か
At the end of 「どんな材料がありますか」, か marks the sentence as a question. It is used at the end of a polite question.
この
この means this and identifies the recipe as the one being discussed in 「このレシピには」. It is placed directly before a noun, such as 「この店」 in a new example.
レシピ
レシピ means recipe in 「このレシピには玉ねぎとトマトが必要です」. It identifies the cooking instructions whose required ingredients are being discussed.
は
In 「このレシピには」, は presents the recipe as the topic or context for what is needed. It can mark the topic in a pattern such as 「この料理はおいしいです」 as a new example.
玉ねぎ
玉ねぎ means onion, and it is one of the ingredients required by the recipe in the dialogue. A useful cooking pattern is 「玉ねぎを切る」 as a new example.
と
In 「玉ねぎとトマト」, と connects the two listed ingredients, meaning onion and tomato. It is used to join nouns in a list of items.
トマト
トマト means tomato, and in the dialogue it is listed together with 玉ねぎ as a required ingredient. A reusable pattern is 「トマトを使う」 as a new example.
必要
In 「玉ねぎとトマトが必要です」, 必要 states that the ingredients are needed for the recipe. A useful pattern is 「時間が必要です」 as a new example.
です
In 「必要です」, です gives the statement a polite ending. It is used after a noun or noun-like expression to make a polite statement.
ありません
In 「玉ねぎはありません」, ありません says that onions are not available or that they do not have any. A reusable pattern is 「時間がありません」 as a new example.
代わり
In 「代わりに青ねぎを使えますか」, 代わり indicates using something in place of the missing onions. A reusable pattern is 「Aの代わりにBを使う」 as a new example.
青ねぎ
青ねぎ means green onion, which is suggested as a replacement for 玉ねぎ in the dialogue. It can be used as the ingredient in a pattern such as 「青ねぎを使う」 as a new example.
使えます
In 「青ねぎを使えますか」, 使えます asks whether green onions can be used. A useful pattern is 「これを使えますか」 when checking whether an item is suitable for use.
たぶん
たぶん means maybe or probably, showing that the speaker is not completely certain in 「たぶん使えますが」. It is commonly placed before the statement it qualifies.
味
味 means taste or flavor, and in 「味は違います」 it refers to the taste produced by using the possible substitute. A useful pattern is 「味が変わる」 as a new example.
違います
In 「味は違います」, 違います says that the taste is different from what was expected or from the original ingredient. It can be used after a noun to say that two things differ.
では
では means then or well then in 「では、近所の店で」, moving from the discussion to the speaker's next decision. It is useful when responding to the previous situation and introducing an action.
近所
近所 means the nearby area or neighborhood in 「近所の店」. A reusable pattern is 「近所に住む」 as a new example.
の
In 「近所の店」, の links 近所 and 店, making the phrase mean the shop in the neighborhood. The pattern 「場所の店」 can describe a shop associated with a place.
店
店 means shop or store, and in 「近所の店」 it is the place where the speaker will buy onions. A useful pattern is 「店に行く」 as a new example.
で
In 「近所の店で玉ねぎを買います」, で marks the shop as the place where buying happens. The pattern 「場所で買う」 identifies where something is purchased.
買います
In 「玉ねぎを買います」, 買います expresses the speaker's planned purchase of onions. A reusable pattern is 「店で食べ物を買います」 as a new example.
まだ
In 「まだご飯の量を量る必要があります」, まだ means still, showing that measuring the rice remains to be done. It is placed before the action or situation that has not yet been completed.
ご飯
Here, ご飯 refers to the rice whose amount needs to be measured in 「ご飯の量」. A useful pattern is 「ご飯を食べる」 as a new example.
量
In 「ご飯の量」, 量 means the amount or quantity of rice. The pattern 「名詞の量」 is used to talk about how much of something there is.
量る
量る means to measure an amount, and in 「ご飯の量を量る」 it refers to measuring the rice quantity. A reusable pattern is 「材料を量る」 as a new example.
戻って
In 「戻ってから」, 戻って means returning and connects that action to what happens afterward. It is the form used before から to express the sequence after returning.
から
In 「戻ってから」, から means after, so the measuring happens after the speaker returns. The reusable pattern 「動作てから次の動作」 expresses doing one action and then another.
4人分
4人分 means an amount intended for four people in 「4人分のお米」. The pattern 「人数分」 is used for the amount needed for a stated number of people.
お米
お米 means rice in 「4人分のお米を量ります」, the rice to be measured for four people. A useful pattern is 「お米を炊く」 as a new example.
量ります
In 「お米を量ります」, 量ります is used for the speaker's planned action of measuring the rice. A reusable polite pattern is 「材料を量ります」 as a new example.
Grammar Points
Vる前に
料理を始める前に、材料を量ります。
RYOH-ree oh hah-jee-MEH-roo mah-eh nee, zye-RYOH oh hah-kah-ree-MAHS.Before starting cooking, I measure the ingredients.
前に follows the dictionary form of a verb to show that one action happens before another.
Vてから
店から戻ってから、料理を始めます。
MEE-seh kah-rah moh-DOHT-teh kah-RAH, RYOH-ree oh hah-jee-MEH-MAHS.After returning from the shop, I start cooking.
てから connects actions in sequence and means that the second action happens after the first.
Japanese Vocabulary
たぶん
adv
tah-BOON
maybe
トマト
noun
toh-MAH-toh
tomato
レシピ
noun
REH-shee-pee
recipe
玉ねぎ
noun
tah-mah-NEH-gee
onion
材料
noun
zye-RYOH
ingredients
使えますか
verb
tsoo-kah-eh-MAHS kah
can use
始める
verb
hah-jee-MEH-roo
to start
青ねぎ
noun
ah-oh-NEH-gee
green onion
前に
phrase
mah-eh nee
before
代わりに
adv
kah-wah-REE nee
instead
必要
adj
heet-soo-YOH
necessary
料理
noun
RYOH-ree
cooking
Quiz
Spelling
Tap the letters to spell the word.
instead
Show Answer
代わりにcan use
Show Answer
使えますかgreen onion
Show Answer
青ねぎonion