About This Lesson
Use Clarifying Dependencies and Priorities to practice Korean conversation, pronunciation, vocabulary, grammar, and quizzes.
Dialogue
A
사람들이 모두의 우선순위에 순위를 매기기 시작하자 논의가 긴장되기 시작했어.
sah-RAHM-deu-ree moh-doo-eh oo-suhn-soon-wee-eh soon-wee-reul mae-gee-gee shee-jahk-hah-jah noh-noo-ee-gah gin-jahng-dweh-gee shee-jahk-hae. The discussion got tense once people started ranking everyone's priorities.
B
몇몇 팀이 자기들 일이 뒷전으로 밀려난다고 느낀 것 같아.
MYUHN-myut teem-ee jah-gee-deul ee-ree dwit-juh-nuh-ro meel-lyuh-nahn-dah-go nuh-kin gut gah-tae. It sounded like some teams felt their work was being pushed aside.
A
아무도 그렇게 하려던 게 아니었더라도, 그러면 신뢰가 상할 수 있어.
ah-moo-do guh-ruh-keh hah-ryuh-dun geh ah-nee-uht-duh-rah-do, guh-ruh-myun shil-loe-gah sahng-hal soo iss-uh. That can hurt trust, even if nobody meant it that way.
B
다음 회의 전에 의존 관계와 중요도를 구분해 보는 게 좋을 것 같아.
dah-um hweh-ee juh-neh oo-ee-john gwan-gye-wah joong-yo-do-reul goo-boon-hae bo-neun geh jo-eul gut gah-tae. Maybe we should separate dependencies from importance before the next meeting.
A
어떤 업무는 먼저 진행되어야 해.
uh-tuhn uhm-moo-neun muhn-juh jin-haeng-dweh-uh-yah hae. Some tasks need to happen first.
A
그렇다고 그 업무들이 더 가치 있는 것은 아니야.
guh-ruh-dah-go goo uhm-moo-deu-ree duh gah-chee inn-neun guh-seun ah-nee-yah. But that does not make them more valuable.
B
다시 만나기 전에 의존 관계 지도를 만들어 볼게.
dah-shee mahn-nah-gee juh-neh oo-ee-john gwan-gye jee-do-reul mahn-deu-ruh bol-keh. I can put together a dependency map before we meet again.
A
그러면 논의가 개인적인 문제로 흐르지 않고 구체적인 내용에 집중하게 될 거야.
guh-ruh-myun noh-noo-ee-gah gae-in-juh-gin moon-je-ro heu-reu-jee ahn-go goo-cheh-juh-gin nae-yong-eh jip-joong-hah-geh dwel guh-yah. That should keep the discussion concrete instead of personal.
B
그러면 사람들은 각자의 답답함에만 기대지 않고, 같은 정보를 바탕으로 논의할 수 있어.
guh-ruh-myun sah-RAHM-deu-reun gahk-jjah-eh dahp-ttah-pahm-eh-mahn gee-dae-jee ahn-go, gah-teun juhng-bo-reul bah-tahng-eu-ro noh-noo-ee-hal soo iss-uh. Then people can base the discussion on the same information, not just their frustrations.Word by Word
사람들이
Here, 사람들이 means “people” and is the subject of the clause about starting to rank priorities. The ending 이 marks the subject, as in 사람들이 모였어, “people gathered.”
모두의
모두의 means “everyone’s” and shows that the priorities belong to everyone in the discussion. It comes before the noun it describes, as in 모두의 의견, “everyone’s opinion.”
우선순위에
우선순위에 refers to the priorities that receive the ranking in this sentence. The particle 에 marks the target or area toward which the action is directed, as in 항목에 순위를 매기다, “rank items.”
순위를
순위를 means “a rank” or “ranking” as the object being assigned. The particle 를 marks it as the object of 매기다, as in 순위를 정하다, “decide the ranking.”
매기기
매기기 refers to the act of assigning ranks in 순위를 매기기 시작하자. The ending 기 turns the action into a noun-like expression, and 매기기 시작하다 is a useful pattern for “start assigning.”
시작하자
시작하자 means “once they started” here and connects that event to the discussion becoming tense. It follows the action that began, as in 회의가 시작하자 사람들이 조용해졌어, “once the meeting started, people became quiet.”
논의가
논의가 means “the discussion” as the subject that became tense. The subject marker 가 identifies what changed, and 논의가 길어졌어 is a reusable way to say “the discussion got longer.”
긴장되기
긴장되기 means “becoming tense” in 긴장되기 시작했어. The ending 기 makes the change into the activity that 시작하다 begins, as in 분위기가 바뀌기 시작했어, “the atmosphere started to change.”
시작했어
시작했어 means “started” in the casual past style used in this conversation. It completes 긴장되기 시작했어, where the preceding action or change is what began; for example, 비가 시작했어 is not the usual pattern, but 일이 시작했어 means “the work started.”
몇몇
몇몇 means “some” or “several” and limits the teams being discussed. It is placed before a noun, as in 몇몇 사람들, “some people.”
팀이
팀이 means “teams” as the subject of feeling that their work was pushed aside. The subject marker 이 follows the consonant-ending noun 팀, as in 팀이 결정했어, “the team decided.”
자기들
자기들 refers to the teams’ own side or belongings, giving 자기들 일이 the meaning “their own work.” It can be used before a noun to refer back to the people already under discussion, as in 자기들 의견, “their own opinion.”
일이
일이 means “work” or “tasks” as the thing the teams felt had been pushed aside. The subject marker 이 marks the work within the reported situation, and 일이 많아 means “there is a lot of work.”
뒷전으로
뒷전으로 means “to the background” or “to the sidelines,” so 자기들 일이 뒷전으로 밀려나다 describes work being treated as less important. The particle 으로 marks the direction or resulting position, as in 뒷전으로 밀리다, “be pushed into the background.”
밀려난다고
밀려난다고 presents the idea “being pushed aside” as the content that the teams felt. The ending 다고 reports or frames that content, and 밀려난다고 느끼다 is a reusable pattern for “feel that something is being pushed aside.”
느낀
느낀 means “felt” and describes the teams’ feeling in 느낀 것 같아. This form comes before the noun-like 것 to refer to the feeling that they had, as in 그렇게 느낀 사람, “a person who felt that way.”
것
것 means “the fact” or “the thing” in 느낀 것 같아, turning the preceding idea into something that can be described as seeming so. The full pattern 것 같아 expresses appearance or uncertainty; a new example is 비가 오는 것 같아, “it seems to be raining.”
같아
같아 means “it seems” or “it appears” in 느낀 것 같아. It completes the pattern 것 같아, which is useful when giving an impression without stating it as certain; a new example is 좋은 것 같아, “it seems good.”
아무도
아무도 means “nobody” in the negative clause 아무도 그렇게 하려던 게 아니었더라도. With a negative expression, 아무도 refers to no person, as in 아무도 몰라, “nobody knows.”
그렇게
그렇게 means “that way” and points to the manner of treating the work described earlier. It commonly comes before a verb, as in 그렇게 하지 마, “don’t do it that way.”
하려던
하려던 means “intended to do” or “was planning to do” in 그렇게 하려던 게 아니었더라도. It describes an intended action before the noun-like 게, and the pattern 하려던 것은 아니야 can express “it was not what I intended to do.”
게
게 is the spoken contraction of 것이 in 하려던 게 아니었더라도, meaning “the thing or fact that was intended.” It makes the preceding clause the topic of 아니었더라도; a new example is 내가 말한 게 아니야, “it is not what I said.”
아니었더라도
아니었더라도 means “even if it was not” and makes the lack of that intention a concession. The ending 더라도 is useful for saying that a result still applies despite a condition, as in 시간이 없더라도 해야 해, “even if there is no time, we have to do it.”
그러면
그러면 means “then” or “in that case,” referring to the possible harm described in the preceding sentence. It introduces a result or consequence, as in 그러면 다음에 하자, “then let’s do it next time.”
신뢰가
신뢰가 means “trust” as the thing that can be damaged. The subject marker 가 identifies what may be affected, and 신뢰가 중요해 means “trust is important.”
상할
상할 means “be hurt” or “be damaged” in 신뢰가 상할 수 있어. It appears before 수 in the possibility pattern -을 수 있다, and 신뢰를 상하게 하다 is a reusable pattern meaning “damage trust.”
수
수 marks possibility in 상할 수 있어, so the full expression means “can be hurt.” It needs the following 있다 or 없다 to complete the possibility pattern, as in 할 수 있어, “can do it.”
있어
있어 completes 상할 수 있어 and gives the meaning “can” or “it is possible.” In this casual style, -을 수 있어 is used to state that an outcome is possible; a new example is 내일 만날 수 있어, “I can meet tomorrow.”
다음
다음 means “next” in 다음 회의, identifying the meeting that will come after the current one. It comes before the noun it modifies, as in 다음 단계, “the next step.”
회의
회의 means “meeting” in 다음 회의. It is a common workplace noun, as in 회의를 준비하다, “prepare for a meeting.”
전에
전에 means “before” and places the preparation before the next meeting. It follows a noun or noun-like expression, as in 회의 전에 확인해, “check it before the meeting.”
의존
의존 contributes the meaning “dependency” in 의존 관계, referring to one task relying on another. It is commonly used before 관계 or another noun in workplace descriptions, as in 다른 팀에 의존하다, “depend on another team.”
관계와
관계와 means “relationship and” in 의존 관계와 중요도, linking dependency relationships with importance. The particle 와 connects nouns, as in 시간과 비용, “time and cost.”
중요도를
중요도를 means “importance” as the object to be separated from dependencies. The particle 를 marks what 구분하다 acts on, as in 우선순위와 중요도를 비교하다, “compare priority and importance.”
구분해
구분해 means “separate” or “distinguish” in 구분해 보는 게 좋을 것 같아. It connects 구분하다 to the following auxiliary 보다, and 구분해 생각하다 is a reusable pattern for “distinguish and think about.”
보는
보는 contributes the idea of trying or examining in 구분해 보는 게 좋을 것 같아. After another verb, -아/어 보다 can mean trying that action; a new example is 직접 해 보는 게 좋아, “it is good to try doing it yourself.”
좋을
좋을 means “would be good” in 구분해 보는 게 좋을 것 같아. It describes the proposed action as a good idea, and -는 게 좋다 is a common pattern for recommending an action.
어떤
어떤 means “some” or “certain” in 어떤 업무, referring to a subset of tasks without specifying which ones. It comes before a noun, as in 어떤 방법이 좋아?, “which method is good?”
업무는
업무는 means “tasks” or “work” as the topic of the statement that follows. The topic marker 는 sets this work apart for comparison, as in 이 업무는 먼저 해야 해, “this work has to be done first.”
먼저
먼저 means “first” and indicates that some tasks need to happen before others. It commonly appears before the action, as in 먼저 확인해, “check first.”
진행되어야
진행되어야 means “must proceed” or “must be carried out” in 진행되어야 해. The ending 어야 expresses necessity when completed by 해, and 먼저 진행되어야 해 is a useful workplace pattern for saying that something must happen first.
해
해 completes 진행되어야 해 and expresses “has to” or “needs to.” The pattern -어야 해 states an obligation, as in 지금 가야 해, “I have to go now.”
그렇다고
그렇다고 means “that said” or “even so,” rejecting the inference that the tasks are more valuable merely because they come first. It is useful before a contrasting conclusion, as in 그렇다고 포기할 수는 없어, “even so, we cannot give up.”
그
그 means “those” in 그 업무들이 and points back to the tasks just mentioned. It normally comes before the noun it identifies, as in 그 문제, “that problem.”
업무들이
업무들이 means “the tasks” as the subject of the comparison about value. The plural marker 들 and subject marker 이 identify multiple tasks, as in 업무들이 많아졌어, “the tasks increased.”
더
더 means “more” in 더 가치 있는, creating a comparison of value. It comes before the adjective or phrase being compared, as in 더 중요해, “is more important.”
가치
가치 means “value” in 가치 있는, describing whether the tasks are valuable. It combines with 있다 to form a phrase meaning “having value,” as in 가치가 있어, “it has value.”
있는
있는 means “having” or “being of” in 가치 있는 것, so 가치 있는 describes something valuable. It is the form used before a noun, as in 의미 있는 결과, “a meaningful result.”
것은
것은 means “the fact or thing” as the topic of the statement 그 업무들이 더 가치 있는 것은 아니야. The full pattern -는 것은 아니다 softens or corrects an inference, meaning “it is not necessarily the case that...”.
아니야
아니야 means “is not” in the casual statement 더 가치 있는 것은 아니야. It gives the negative conclusion in an informal conversation, as in 그건 문제 아니야, “that is not a problem.”
다시
다시 means “again” in 다시 만나기 전에, referring to meeting another time. It commonly comes before the repeated action, as in 다시 확인해, “check again.”
만나기
만나기 means “meeting” or “to meet” as a noun-like expression in 다시 만나기 전에. The ending 기 turns the action into something that can be followed by 전에, as in 출발하기 전에, “before departing.”
관계
관계 means “relationship” in 의존 관계 지도, where it refers to the links of dependence between tasks. It forms a compound with 의존 and describes the connections represented in the map.
지도를
지도를 means “a map” as the object to be created. The particle 를 marks it as the object of 만들다, as in 계획 지도를 만들다, “make a plan map.”
만들어
만들어 means “make” or “create” in 만들어 볼게. It connects 만들다 to 볼게, forming the expression “I’ll try making it” or “I’ll put it together”; a new example is 자료를 만들어 볼게, “I’ll try making the materials.”
볼게
볼게 expresses the speaker’s intention or commitment to try or take care of the action in 만들어 볼게. The full pattern -아/어 볼게 is useful when offering to do something, as in 확인해 볼게, “I’ll check.”
개인적인
개인적인 means “personal” in 개인적인 문제, contrasting a personal issue with concrete discussion content. It comes before the noun it describes, as in 개인적인 의견, “a personal opinion.”
문제로
문제로 means “into a problem” or “as a personal issue” in 개인적인 문제로 흐르지 않고. The particle 로 marks the direction or form that the discussion should not take, as in 갈등으로 번지다, “spread into a conflict.”
흐르지
흐르지 means “flow” or “develop” in the negative expression 흐르지 않고, used metaphorically for the direction of a discussion. It is followed by 않고 to say that the discussion does not develop in that way, as in 다른 이야기로 흐르지 않게 하다, “keep it from turning into another topic.”
않고
않고 means “without doing so” or “instead of doing so” in 흐르지 않고, linking the avoided direction with the desired focus. The pattern -지 않고 connects a negative action to what happens instead, as in 늦지 않고 도착했어, “I arrived without being late.”
구체적인
구체적인 means “concrete” or “specific” in 구체적인 내용, directing attention to identifiable details rather than personal reactions. It modifies a noun before it, as in 구체적인 예, “a specific example.”
내용에
내용에 means “on the content” as the target of 집중하다. The particle 에 marks what attention is directed toward, as in 업무에 집중하다, “focus on the work.”
집중하게
집중하게 contributes the idea of becoming focused in 내용에 집중하게 될 거야. The ending 게 links 집중하다 to 될, and the pattern -게 되다 describes coming to be in a state or situation; a new example is 자연스럽게 익숙해지게 됐어, “I came to get used to it naturally.”
될
될 means “will become” or “will come to be” in 집중하게 될 거야. It is part of -게 되다, which presents the expected result of the proposed map, as in 상황이 달라질 거야, “the situation will change.”
거야
거야 gives the casual explanatory or expected-result ending in 집중하게 될 거야, meaning “it will” here. It is commonly used when telling someone what is expected to happen, as in 곧 끝날 거야, “it will finish soon.”
사람들은
사람들은 means “people” as the topic of the final conclusion. The topic marker 는 introduces what people will be able to do, as in 사람들은 각자 선택할 수 있어, “people can each choose.”
각자의
각자의 means “each person’s” or “respective,” referring to the frustrations belonging to the different people involved. It comes before the noun it describes, as in 각자의 역할, “each person’s role.”
답답함에만
답답함에만 means “only on their frustration” in 답답함에만 기대지 않고. The particle 에 marks what someone relies on, while 만 restricts it to that one basis; a new example is 감정에만 의존하지 마, “don’t rely only on emotions.”
기대지
기대지 means “rely on” or “lean on” in 기대지 않고, referring to using frustration as the sole basis for discussion. It is followed by 않고 to negate that reliance, as in 다른 사람에게 기대지 않고 해결하다, “solve it without relying on another person.”
같은
같은 means “the same” in 같은 정보, emphasizing that everyone uses shared information. It comes before the noun it modifies, as in 같은 기준, “the same standard.”
정보를
정보를 means “information” as the object used as the basis for discussion. The particle 를 marks it as the object, and 정보를 공유하다 is a common pattern meaning “share information.”
바탕으로
바탕으로 means “based on” or “using as a basis” in 같은 정보를 바탕으로. The pattern 명사+을 바탕으로 describes the foundation for an action, as in 사실을 바탕으로 판단하다, “make a judgment based on facts.”
논의할
논의할 means “discuss” in 논의할 수 있어, where it is the action that people can carry out. It comes before the possibility expression 수 있다, and 정보를 바탕으로 논의하다 is a reusable workplace pattern meaning “discuss based on information.”
Grammar Points
-아/어야 하다
업무가 진행되어야 해요.
uhm-moo-gah jin-haeng-dweh-uh-yah hae-yo.The work must proceed.
Attach -아/어야 하다 to a verb to express necessity or a required condition.
-아/어 보다
의존 관계 지도를 만들어 볼게요.
oo-ee-john gwan-gye jee-do-reul mahn-deu-ruh bol-keh-yo.I'll try making a dependency map.
Verb stem + -아/어 보다 means to try an action; -ㄹ게요 expresses the speaker’s intention.
Korean Vocabulary
구분하다
verb
goo-boon-hah-dah
to separate or distinguish
구분해
긴장되다
verb
gin-jahng-dweh-dah
to become tense
긴장되기
논의
noun
noh-NWEE
discussion
뒷전으로 밀려나다
phrase
dweet-juh-nuh-ro meel-lyuh-nah-dah
to be pushed aside
뒷전으로 밀려난다고
상하다
verb
sahng-hah-dah
to be hurt or damaged
상할
순위를 매기다
phrase
soon-wee-reul mae-gee-dah
to rank
순위를 매기기
신뢰
noun
shil-loe
trust
업무
noun
uhm-moo
work or task
우선순위
noun
oo-suhn-soon-wee
priority
의존 관계
noun
oo-ee-john gwan-gye
dependency relationship
중요도
noun
joong-yo-do
importance
회의
noun
hweh-ee
meeting
Quiz
Word Order
Arrange the words in the correct order.
Some tasks need to happen first.
Show Answer
어떤 업무는 먼저 진행되어야 해.Spelling
Tap the letters to spell the word.
priority
Show Answer
우선순위to become tense
Show Answer
긴장되기to separate or distinguish
Show Answer
구분해meeting