Responsible Paraphrasing and Citation | Learn Korean in English

Korean lesson set in a contemporary Seoul everyday setting: During an academic tutoring session, a student and tutor discuss how to paraphrase sources responsibly and cite ideas even when wording changes..

EN → KO / Level: B2

About This Lesson

Use Responsible Paraphrasing and Citation to practice Korean conversation, pronunciation, vocabulary, grammar, and quizzes.

Dialogue

A

제가 바꿔 쓴 문장이 원문 자료와 너무 비슷하게 남는 것 같아 걱정돼요.

jeh-GAH bah-KKWOH ssuhn moon-jang-ee wuhn-moon jah-RYOH-wah nuh-MOO bee-soot-HAH-geh nahm-nuhn guht-KKAH-tah guhк-JJUNG-dweh-yoh I worry that my paraphrases stay too close to the sources.
B

문장 구조가 바뀌었는지 확인해 보는 것이 도움이 돼요.

moon-jang goo-JOO-gah bah-GGWEE-uhn-neun-jee hwah-GEEN-heh BOH-neun guh-see doh-OOM-ee dweh-yoh A useful test is whether the sentence structure has changed.
A

가끔 단어는 바꾸지만 원래 논리는 그대로 유지해요.

gah-KKUM dah-uh-neun bah-KKWOH-jee-man woll-LAE nol-lee-neun guh-dae-roh yoo-JEE-heh-yoh Sometimes I change vocabulary but keep the original logic.
B

그렇다면 바꿔 쓴 문장도 여전히 원문에 지나치게 의존할 수 있어요.

guh-ruh-tah-myun bah-KKWOH ssuhn moon-jang-doh yuh-jun-hee wuhn-moon-eh jee-nah-cheu-geh ee-JON-hal soo ee-uh-yoh Then the paraphrase may still depend too heavily on the source.
A

초안을 쓰기 전에 논문을 닫는 게 좋겠어요.

choh-AHN-eul ssuh-GEE juh-neh non-moon-eul dah-neun geh joh-keh-SUH-yoh I should probably close the article before drafting.
B

그러면 자신의 말로 그 생각을 다시 구성하게 될 수 있어요.

guh-ruh-myun jah-shin-eh mahl-loh guh saeng-gah-geul dah-SHEE goo-seong-ha-geh dwel soo ee-uh-yoh That can force you to reconstruct the idea in your own terms.
A

표현이 달라져도 주장에는 출처를 밝혀야 해요.

pyo-HYUH-nee dal-lah-juh-doh joo-jang-eh-neun chool-chuh-reul bal-KYUH-yah heh-yoh I should also cite claims even when the wording differs.
B

아이디어에도 출처를 밝혀야 하기 때문에 그것은 꼭 필요해요.

ah-ee-dee-uh-eh-doh chool-chuh-reul bal-KYUH-yah ha-GEE ttae-moon-eh guh-guh-seun kkok pee-RYOH-heh-yoh That is essential, because ideas require attribution too.

Word by Word

제가 “제가” means “I” as the subject of the sentence, referring politely to the speaker. It is the subject form of “저” with the subject marker “가.” A reusable pattern is “제가 + verb,” as in “제가 확인해 볼게요” for “I’ll check.”
바꿔 In “바꿔 쓴 문장,” “바꿔” means “changing” or “rewriting” and links to the following verb. It comes from “바꾸다” and shows that the sentence was changed before being written. A reusable pattern is “내용을 바꿔 쓰다,” meaning “to rewrite the content.”
쓴 “쓴” means “written” here, specifically as part of “바꿔 쓴 문장,” meaning “a rewritten sentence.” It comes from “쓰다” and describes the following noun “문장.” A reusable pattern is “직접 쓴 글,” meaning “a text written personally.”
문장이 “문장이” means “the sentence” as the subject of “남는 것 같아.” The subject marker “이” marks the rewritten sentence as what seems to remain too similar. A reusable pattern is “문장이 + adjective,” such as “문장이 자연스러워요,” meaning “the sentence is natural.”
원문 “원문” means “the original text,” the source material that the rewritten sentence is being compared with. In this dialogue it is part of “원문 자료와,” referring to the original academic material. A reusable pattern is “원문을 읽다,” meaning “to read the original text.”
자료와 “자료와” means “with the source material” in the comparison “원문 자료와 너무 비슷하게.” The particle “와” connects the source material with the thing being compared to it. A reusable pattern is “A와 비슷하다,” meaning “to be similar to A.”
너무 “너무” means “too” or “excessively,” showing that the similarity is greater than it should be. Here it modifies “비슷하게” in “너무 비슷하게 남는.” A reusable pattern is “너무 + adjective or adverb,” as in “너무 어렵다,” meaning “to be too difficult.”
비슷하게 “비슷하게” means “similarly” or “in a similar way,” describing how the rewritten sentence remains related to the original material. It is the adverbial form used with “남는.” A reusable pattern is “A와 비슷하게 + verb,” meaning “to verb similarly to A.”
남는 “남는” means “remaining” or “staying” in “비슷하게 남는 것 같아,” so the sentence seems to stay too similar. It comes from “남다” and describes the continuing state of “문장.” A reusable pattern is “그대로 남다,” meaning “to remain as it is.”
것 In “남는 것 같아,” “것” turns the preceding idea of “remaining” into something that can be described as seeming. Together, “남는 것 같아” means “it seems to remain.” A reusable pattern is “동사 + 것 같다,” used to say that something seems to happen.
같아 “같아” means “seems” or “appears” in “남는 것 같아,” expressing the speaker’s impression rather than a definite statement. It is the informal form used inside the polite sentence ending “걱정돼요.” A reusable pattern is “동사 + 것 같아요,” meaning “it seems that someone does something.”
걱정돼요 “걱정돼요” means “I am worried” or “it worries me” about the rewritten sentence staying too close to the source. It presents the speaker’s concern politely. A reusable pattern is “~이/가 걱정돼요,” meaning “I am worried about ~.”
문장 “문장” means “sentence” in the phrase “문장 구조,” referring to how the sentence is organized. It is used as a noun before “구조” to specify the type of structure. A reusable pattern is “문장을 쓰다,” meaning “to write a sentence.”
구조가 “구조가” means “the structure” as the subject of “바뀌었는지,” referring to the organization of the sentence. The subject marker “가” marks what may have changed. A reusable pattern is “구조가 바뀌다,” meaning “the structure changes.”
바뀌었는지 “바뀌었는지” means “whether it has changed,” referring to the sentence structure. The ending “-는지” turns the question of change into something that can be checked. A reusable pattern is “~는지 확인하다,” meaning “to check whether ~.”
확인해 “확인해” means “check” or “confirm” in “확인해 보는 것,” describing the act of checking the sentence structure. It is the connective form of “확인하다” before “보다.” A reusable pattern is “내용을 확인해 보다,” meaning “to try checking the content.”
보는 In “확인해 보는 것,” “보는” contributes the idea of trying an action or checking it for oneself. It comes from “보다” and modifies “것.” A reusable pattern is “동사 + 아/어 보다,” meaning “to try doing something.”
것이 In “확인해 보는 것이 도움이 돼요,” “것이” turns the preceding action into the subject: “the act of checking is helpful.” The particle “이” marks that nominalized action as the subject. A reusable pattern is “동사 + 는 것이 좋다,” meaning “it is good to do something.”
도움이 “도움이” means “help” or “assistance” as the subject of “도움이 돼요.” In this sentence, checking the sentence structure provides useful assistance. A reusable pattern is “도움이 되다,” meaning “to be helpful.”
돼요 In “도움이 돼요,” “돼요” means “is helpful” rather than simply “becomes.” It completes the expression “도움이 되다” in a polite form. A reusable pattern is “~에 도움이 돼요,” meaning “it is helpful for ~.”
가끔 “가끔” means “sometimes,” indicating that the speaker changes vocabulary on some occasions but not always. It normally comes before the verb or phrase it modifies. A reusable pattern is “가끔 + verb,” such as “가끔 확인해요,” meaning “I sometimes check.”
단어는 “단어는” means “as for the words” and marks them as the topic of the contrast with the original logic. The particle “는” highlights the words as one aspect of the situation. A reusable pattern is “A는 바꾸지만 B는 유지하다,” meaning “change A but keep B.”
바꾸지만 “바꾸지만” means “change, but,” connecting the change in vocabulary with the contrasting fact that the logic is kept. It comes from “바꾸다” with the contrastive ending “-지만.” A reusable pattern is “~지만 ~,” meaning “although or but ~.”
원래 “원래” means “originally” or “original” in “원래 논리,” referring to the logic from the source before the vocabulary was changed. Here it directly describes “논리.” A reusable pattern is “원래 + noun,” such as “원래 계획,” meaning “the original plan.”
논리는 “논리는” means “the logic” as the topic of the contrast, while the words are changed. The particle “는” presents the logic as the part that remains unchanged. A reusable pattern is “논리는 그대로 유지하다,” meaning “to keep the logic unchanged.”
그대로 “그대로” means “as it is” or “unchanged,” explaining that the original logic is kept without alteration. In “그대로 유지해요,” it modifies the act of maintaining. A reusable pattern is “그대로 두다,” meaning “to leave something as it is.”
유지해요 “유지해요” means “keep” or “maintain,” referring to keeping the original logic unchanged. It is the polite form used to describe the speaker’s usual action. A reusable pattern is “상태를 유지하다,” meaning “to maintain a state.”
그렇다면 “그렇다면” means “then” or “if that is the case,” introducing the tutor’s conclusion based on the previous statement. It connects a condition with its consequence. A reusable pattern is “그렇다면 + conclusion,” meaning “if so, then ….”
문장도 “문장도” means “the sentence too” or “the rewritten sentence also,” adding it to the point being discussed. The particle “도” means “also” or “too.” A reusable pattern is “A도 + verb,” meaning “A also does something.”
여전히 “여전히” means “still,” showing that the paraphrase continues to depend heavily on the source despite the vocabulary changes. It usually appears before the verb or descriptive phrase it modifies. A reusable pattern is “여전히 + verb,” meaning “still continue to do something.”
지나치게 “지나치게” means “excessively” or “too heavily,” indicating that the dependence on the source goes beyond an appropriate level. It modifies “의존할” in the phrase “지나치게 의존할 수 있어요.” A reusable pattern is “지나치게 + verb or adjective,” meaning “to do or be something excessively.”
의존할 “의존할” means “depend on” in the possibility expression “의존할 수 있어요.” It comes from “의존하다” and appears before “수” to describe a possible dependence on the source. A reusable pattern is “A에 의존하다,” meaning “to depend on A.”
수 In “의존할 수 있어요,” “수” expresses possibility or ability, so the whole phrase means “can depend on” or “may depend on.” It works with a preceding verb form and “있다.” A reusable pattern is “동사 + ㄹ/을 수 있다,” meaning “can or may do something.”
있어요 In “의존할 수 있어요,” “있어요” completes the possibility expression and means that the action is possible. The polite ending makes the tutor’s statement respectful and conversational. A reusable pattern is “~할 수 있어요,” meaning “you can or it may be possible to ~.”
초안을 “초안을” means “the draft” as the object of “쓰기 전에,” referring to the draft the speaker plans to write. The particle “을” marks the draft as the object of the implied writing action. A reusable pattern is “초안을 쓰다,” meaning “to write a draft.”
쓰기 “쓰기” means “writing” in “초안을 쓰기 전에,” turning the action of writing a draft into a noun-like expression. It comes from “쓰다” and is followed by “전에” to express sequence. A reusable pattern is “동사 + 기 전에,” meaning “before doing something.”
전에 “전에” means “before,” placing the action of closing the article earlier than writing the draft. In “쓰기 전에,” it follows the nominalized action “쓰기.” A reusable pattern is “명사 + 전에” or “동사 + 기 전에,” meaning “before a noun or before doing something.”
논문을 “논문을” means “the academic paper” as the object of “닫는,” referring to the source article the speaker will stop looking at. The particle “을” marks the paper as the object. A reusable pattern is “논문을 읽다,” meaning “to read an academic paper.”
닫는 “닫는” means “closing” in “논문을 닫는 게 좋겠어요,” referring to closing the article before drafting. It describes the action that is presented as advisable. A reusable pattern is “문을 닫다,” meaning “to close a door,” while “파일을 닫다” means “to close a file.”
게 In “닫는 게 좋겠어요,” “게” is the contracted form of “것이,” turning “closing the article” into the subject of the advice. The whole expression means “it would be good to close the article.” A reusable pattern is “동사 + 는 게 좋다,” meaning “it is better to do something.”
좋겠어요 “좋겠어요” means “would be good” and gives polite, somewhat tentative advice in “닫는 게 좋겠어요.” It makes the recommendation sound less forceful than a direct command. A reusable pattern is “~하는 게 좋겠어요,” meaning “it would be good to do ~.”
그러면 “그러면” means “then” or “in that case,” introducing the likely result of closing the article before drafting. It links the suggested action with its consequence. A reusable pattern is “그러면 + result,” meaning “then the result will be ….”
자신의 “자신의” means “one’s own,” emphasizing that the terms belong to the writer rather than being copied from the source. It modifies “말.” A reusable pattern is “자신의 + noun,” meaning “one’s own noun.”
말로 “말로” means “in one’s own words,” describing the means used to reconstruct the idea. The particle “로” marks the words or manner through which the action is done. A reusable pattern is “자신의 말로 설명하다,” meaning “to explain in one’s own words.”
그 “그” means “that” or “the,” pointing to the idea previously mentioned in the discussion. Here it modifies “생각을.” A reusable pattern is “그 + noun,” used to refer to a previously identified thing.
생각을 “생각을” means “the idea” or “the thought” as the object being reconstructed. The particle “을” marks it as the object of “구성하게.” A reusable pattern is “생각을 정리하다,” meaning “to organize an idea.”
다시 “다시” means “again,” showing that the idea is constructed anew rather than copied directly. It appears before “구성하게.” A reusable pattern is “다시 + verb,” meaning “to do something again.”
구성하게 In “구성하게 될 수 있어요,” “구성하게” means “to reconstruct” or “to organize into a form,” and it connects to “될.” Together, “구성하게 될 수 있어요” means “you may come to reconstruct it.” A reusable pattern is “~하게 되다,” meaning “to come to do something.”
될 In “구성하게 될 수 있어요,” “될” contributes the idea of coming to be or coming to do something. It comes from “되다” and connects the change into that action with the possibility expression “수 있어요.” A reusable pattern is “~하게 되다,” meaning “to come to do or become something.”
표현이 “표현이” means “the wording” or “expression” as the subject of “달라져도.” It refers to the surface wording of the claim, not the underlying idea. A reusable pattern is “표현이 달라지다,” meaning “the wording changes.”
달라져도 “달라져도” means “even if it differs” or “even when it changes,” referring to the wording of a claim. The ending “-어도” marks a condition that does not change the main requirement. A reusable pattern is “A가 달라져도 B,” meaning “even if A differs, B.”
주장에는 “주장에는” means “for claims” or “as for claims” in the instruction to identify their sources. The particle “에는” combines a location or target marker with a topic contrast. A reusable pattern is “주장에는 출처를 밝히다,” meaning “to give the source for a claim.”
출처를 “출처를” means “the source” or “the attribution” as the object of “밝혀야 해요.” In this context, it refers to identifying where a claim or idea came from. A reusable pattern is “출처를 밝히다,” meaning “to identify or disclose the source.”
밝혀야 “밝혀야” means “must identify” or “must make clear” in “출처를 밝혀야 해요.” It expresses the required action of giving attribution for a claim. A reusable pattern is “~을/를 밝혀야 하다,” meaning “must identify or make ~ clear.”
해요 In “밝혀야 해요,” “해요” completes the obligation expression and makes it polite: “must identify” or “should identify.” Here it does not mean “do” independently; it supports the required-action construction. A reusable pattern is “동사 + 아/어야 해요,” meaning “must or should do something.”
아이디어에도 “아이디어에도” means “for ideas too,” adding ideas to claims as things that require attribution. The particle “에도” combines “에” with “도,” giving the meaning “also for.” A reusable pattern is “A에도 출처를 밝히다,” meaning “to identify the source for A as well.”
하기 In “밝혀야 하기 때문에,” “하기” nominalizes the preceding required action of identifying the source. It helps form the reason clause, so the phrase means “because one must identify the source.” A reusable pattern is “동사 + 아/어야 하기 때문에,” meaning “because one must do something.”
때문에 “때문에” means “because” or “due to” in “밝혀야 하기 때문에,” introducing the reason that the requirement is essential. The complete reason comes from the whole phrase before it, not from “때문에” alone. A reusable pattern is “~기 때문에,” meaning “because ~.”
그것은 “그것은” means “that” or “as for that,” referring to the preceding practice of giving sources for claims and ideas. The particle “은” marks it as the topic of the following evaluation. A reusable pattern is “그것은 중요해요,” meaning “that is important.”
꼭 “꼭” means “definitely” or “certainly,” emphasizing that the requirement is essential rather than optional. It modifies “필요해요” in “꼭 필요해요.” A reusable pattern is “꼭 필요하다,” meaning “to be absolutely necessary.”
필요해요 “필요해요” means “is necessary,” and with “꼭” the phrase “꼭 필요해요” means “is essential.” Here it evaluates giving attribution even when the wording changes. A reusable pattern is “~이/가 필요해요,” meaning “~ is necessary.”

Grammar Points

-아/어야 해요

출처를 밝혀야 해요

chool-chuh-reul bal-KYUH-yah heh-yoh

You must cite the source.

This verb ending expresses obligation or necessity: someone must do something.

-아/어도

표현이 달라져도

pyo-HYUH-nee dal-lah-juh-doh

Even if the wording differs

This ending means “even if” or “although,” showing that a result remains despite a condition.

Korean Vocabulary

가끔 adv
gah-KKUM sometimes
걱정돼요 verb
guhк-JJUNG-dweh-yoh to be worried; to be concerned
논리 noun
nol-lee logic
단어 noun
dah-uh word; vocabulary
도움이 돼요 phrase
doh-OOM-ee dweh-yoh to be helpful
문장 구조 noun
moon-jang goo-JOO sentence structure
바꿔 쓴 phrase
bah-KKWOH ssuhn paraphrased; rewritten
바뀌었는지 verb
bah-GGWEE-uhn-neun-jee whether it has changed
비슷하게 adv
bee-soot-HAH-geh similarly; in a similar way
원래 adv
woll-LAE original; originally
원문 자료 noun
wuhn-moon jah-RYOH original source material
확인해 보는 phrase
hwah-GEEN-heh BOH-neun trying to check; checking to see

Quiz

Word Order

Arrange the words in the correct order.

I should also cite claims even when the wording differs.

Show Answer표현이 달라져도 주장에는 출처를 밝혀야 해요.

Spelling

Tap the letters to spell the word.

similarly; in a similar way

Show Answer비슷하게

whether it has changed

Show Answer바뀌었는지

to be worried; to be concerned

Show Answer걱정돼요

original; originally

Show Answer원래