Ik
“Ik” means “I” and is the subject form used when the speaker talks about themself. It comes before the verb in “Ik begrijp het nu.” and “Ik weet het niet.” Use “Ik” to state your own understanding, knowledge, or another action.
begrijp
“begrijp” expresses understanding in “Ik begrijp het nu.” and “Ik begrijp het niet.” It is the form used with “Ik”; in “Begrijp je me?” the same verb form appears before “je” in the question. Reuse the pattern “Ik begrijp het” when saying that you understand or do not understand something.
het
“het” means “it” here and refers to the thing or idea being understood or known. It follows the verb in “Ik begrijp het nu.” and “Ik weet het niet.” Use “het” for a thing or piece of information when its exact name is already clear.
nu
“nu” means “now” and shows that the speaker understands at this moment in “Ik begrijp het nu.” It comes at the end of this sentence after “het.” Use “nu” when you want to mark the current time or a change that is happening at this moment.
niet
“niet” makes the statement negative in “Ik begrijp het niet.” and “Ik weet het niet.” It comes after the object “het” in both expressions. Use the pattern “Ik begrijp het niet” to say that you do not understand, or “Ik weet het niet” to say that you do not know.
weet
“weet” expresses knowing information in “Ik weet het niet.” It is the form used with “Ik,” and “het” identifies the information that is not known. In this dialogue, “weet” concerns knowledge, while “Ken” is used for being acquainted with a person.
Wat
“Wat” means “what” and starts the question “Wat bedoel je?” It asks for the content or meaning of what another person said. Use “Wat bedoel je?” when you need someone to clarify their meaning.
bedoel
“bedoel” expresses meaning or intending in “Wat bedoel je?” In this question, it comes before “je” because the verb and subject are inverted. Use the complete pattern “Wat bedoel je?” to ask another person to explain their meaning.
je
“je” means “you” and refers to the person being addressed in “Wat bedoel je?” and “Begrijp je me?” It is the subject of the question and appears after the verb in both sentences. Use “je” when asking one person about their meaning or understanding.
me
“me” means “me” and is the person being understood in “Begrijp je me?” It follows the subject “je” and functions as the person affected by understanding. Use “Begrijp je me?” to check whether another person understands what you are saying.
Ken
“Ken” expresses knowing or being acquainted with a person in “Ken je hem?” It is the form used before “je” in this question. Use “Ken je hem?” to ask whether someone knows a particular man; this differs from “weet,” which concerns information.
hem
“hem” means “him” and refers to the male person being asked about in “Ken je hem?” It comes after the verb and identifies the person known or not known. Use “hem” when referring back to a male person as the object of the question.