Kun
In “Kun je dit grammaticapatroon nog een keer uitleggen?”, “Kun” means “can” and introduces a request. It is used with “je” and an infinitive, as in “Kun je … uitleggen?” when asking someone to do something.
je
In “Kun je dit grammaticapatroon nog een keer uitleggen?”, “je” means “you” and refers to the person being asked. It appears directly after “Kun” in this request pattern.
dit
In “dit grammaticapatroon”, “dit” means “this” and points to the grammar pattern being discussed. It comes before the noun it specifies.
grammaticapatroon
“grammaticapatroon” means “grammar pattern” and identifies the language structure that the speaker wants explained. It is used as the object of “uitleggen” in “dit grammaticapatroon … uitleggen”.
nog
In “nog een keer”, “nog” contributes the meaning “again” or “another time”; here it asks for a repeat. Together with “een keer”, it is useful when requesting that something happen once more.
een
In “nog een keer”, “een” means “a” and forms the expression for “one more time” with “keer”. It also commonly comes before a singular noun.
keer
In “nog een keer”, “keer” means “time” in the sense of an occasion or repetition. The expression “een keer” refers to one occurrence, and “nog een keer” asks for another.
uitleggen
In “Kun je dit grammaticapatroon nog een keer uitleggen?”, “uitleggen” means “explain”. This infinitive follows “Kun je” and takes the thing being explained as its object.
Het
At the start of “Het laat zien dat een handeling al klaar is”, “Het” means “it” and refers to the grammar pattern. It is the subject of the clause that explains what the pattern shows.
laat
In “Het laat zien dat een handeling al klaar is”, “laat” contributes the idea of letting or causing something to be seen. With “zien”, the exact phrase means “shows”; “laten zien” is a useful expression for presenting information.
zien
In “Het laat zien dat een handeling al klaar is”, “zien” means “see”, but with “laat” the phrase “laat zien” means “shows”. The phrase can introduce information about what something demonstrates.
dat
In “laat zien dat een handeling al klaar is”, “dat” introduces the information being shown: that the action is complete. It is useful for connecting a statement with its explanation or result.
handeling
“handeling” means “action” in “een handeling al klaar is”. It names the action whose completion is being discussed and appears after “een”.
al
In “al klaar”, “al” means “already” and shows that the action is complete by the relevant point. It commonly comes before the word describing the resulting state.
klaar
In “een handeling al klaar is”, “klaar” means “complete” or “finished”. With “is”, it describes the action as being in a completed state.
is
In “een handeling al klaar is”, “is” means “is” and links “een handeling” with the state “klaar”. It also appears at the end of the clause introduced by “dat”.
Waarom
“Waarom” means “why” and asks for a reason in “Waarom verandert het werkwoord in deze zin?”. It is placed at the beginning of this question.
verandert
In “Waarom verandert het werkwoord in deze zin?”, “verandert” means “changes”. It describes what the verb does in the sentence and follows the question word “Waarom”.
werkwoord
“werkwoord” means “verb” and identifies the language element whose form is being discussed. In “het werkwoord”, it is the subject of “verandert”.
in
In “in deze zin”, “in” means “in” and locates the verb within the sentence. It is followed here by the phrase “deze zin”.
deze
In “deze zin”, “deze” means “this” and points to the sentence under discussion. It comes directly before the noun “zin”.
zin
In “deze zin”, “zin” means “sentence”. Together, “in deze zin” identifies the sentence where the verb changes.
De
At the start of “De vorm verandert omdat de gebeurtenis voorbij is”, “De” means “the” and introduces “vorm”. It is the article used with that noun in this dialogue.
vorm
“vorm” means “form” in “De vorm verandert”. It refers to the particular form of the language element, and it is the subject of “verandert”.
omdat
“omdat” means “because” and introduces the reason for the change: “omdat de gebeurtenis voorbij is”. It is useful for connecting a result with its cause.
gebeurtenis
“gebeurtenis” means “event” in “de gebeurtenis voorbij is”. It identifies the event whose completion explains why the form changes.
voorbij
In “de gebeurtenis voorbij is”, “voorbij” means “over” or “finished”. With “is”, it describes the event as no longer continuing.
me
In “Kun je me nog een voorbeeld geven?”, “me” means “me” and identifies the person receiving the example. It is placed before “een voorbeeld” in this request for someone to give something to the speaker.
voorbeeld
“voorbeeld” means “example” in “me nog een voorbeeld geven”. It is the thing the speaker asks to receive and follows “een”.
geven
In “Kun je me nog een voorbeeld geven?”, “geven” means “give”. It is the infinitive used after “Kun je” and takes “me” as the recipient and “een voorbeeld” as the thing given.
Iemand
At the start of “Iemand deed het boek open vóór de les”, “Iemand” means “someone”. It identifies an unspecified person who opened the book.
deed
In “Iemand deed het boek open”, “deed” is the form used for “did” and works with “open” to express opening the book. The phrase “deed het boek open” describes the completed action involving the book.
boek
“boek” means “book” in “het boek”. It is the object that someone opened, and it follows the article “het”.
open
In “deed het boek open”, “open” means “open” and completes the expression describing the book being opened. It appears after the object in this expression.
vóór
In “vóór de les”, “vóór” means “before” and places the opening earlier than the class. It is followed by the time reference “de les”.
les
“les” means “class” or “lesson” in “vóór de les”. The phrase identifies the event that had not yet begun when the book was opened.
Daardoor
“Daardoor” means “because of that” or “as a result” in “Daardoor is het patroon gemakkelijker te begrijpen”. It refers back to the explanation or example and introduces its effect.
patroon
“patroon” means “pattern” in “het patroon”. Here it refers back to the grammar pattern discussed in the lesson and is the subject of “is … gemakkelijker te begrijpen”.
gemakkelijker
“gemakkelijker” means “easier” in “gemakkelijker te begrijpen”. It compares the effort needed to understand the pattern after the explanation.
te
In “gemakkelijker te begrijpen”, “te” marks the infinitive phrase meaning “to understand”. It appears directly before the infinitive “begrijpen” after an expression describing ease or difficulty.
begrijpen
In “gemakkelijker te begrijpen”, “begrijpen” means “understand”. Together with “te”, it describes what has become easier: understanding the pattern.
Probeer
At the start of “Probeer nu zelf een zin te maken”, “Probeer” means “try” and gives the learner an instruction. It is followed here by “te maken” to name the action to attempt.
nu
In “Probeer nu zelf een zin te maken”, “nu” means “now” and tells the learner when to begin. It appears after “Probeer” and before the rest of the instruction.
zelf
In “Probeer nu zelf een zin te maken”, “zelf” means “yourself” or “on your own” and emphasizes that the learner should create the sentence personally. It adds emphasis to the person carrying out the action.
maken
In “Probeer nu zelf een zin te maken”, “maken” means “make” and refers to creating a sentence. It is used after “te” in the construction “te maken”, which states what the learner should try to do.