About This Lesson
Use Constructive Disagreement in Workshop Planning to practice Korean conversation, pronunciation, vocabulary, grammar, and quizzes.
Dialogue
A
일부 참가자들은 그 주제가 기존의 습관에 도전하기 때문에 반발할 수 있습니다.
il-BOO chahm-GAH-jah-deu-REUN guh JOO-jeh-gah gi-JOHN-eh SUHP-KKWAHN-eh doh-JUHN-ha-gee ttae-MOON-eh bahn-BAHL-hal soo it-SUHM-nee-dah. Some participants may resist because the topic challenges existing habits.
B
과거의 결정에 대해 비난받는다고 느끼면 반발할 가능성이 큽니다.
GWAH-guh-eh gyuhl-JUHNG-eh deh-HEH bee-NAHN-bahn-NEUN-dah-goh nuh-KKEE-myuhn bahn-BAHL-hal gah-NUHNG-suhng-ee KUHM-nee-dah. Resistance is likely if they feel blamed for past decisions.
A
개인보다는 시스템을 중심으로 세션의 틀을 잡아야 합니다.
geh-IN-boh-dah-neun shee-suh-TEHM-uhl joong-SHIM-uh-roh seh-SHYUHN-eh tuhl-ruhl JAH-bah-yah HAHM-nee-dah. We should frame the session around systems rather than individuals.
B
그러면 방어적인 태도가 줄어들고 더 솔직한 논의를 이끌어 낼 수 있습니다.
guh-ruh-myuhn bahng-uh-JUH-gin TEH-doh-gah jool-uh-DEUL-goh duh sohl-JEEK-kahn noh-NWEE-ruhl ee-KKUH-ruh nehl soo it-SUHM-nee-dah. That reduces defensiveness and invites more honest discussion.
A
합리적인 사람들이 의견을 달리한 사례를 포함할 수 있을까요?
hahm-nee-JUH-gin sah-RAHM-deu-ree wee-GYUN-uhl DAHL-lee-hahn sah-RYEH-ruhl poh-HAHM-hal soo ee-SSEUL-kkah-yoh? Could we include examples where reasonable people disagreed?
B
그런 사례는 누군가를 악인으로 만들지 않으면서 복잡성을 보여 줄 것입니다.
guh-RUHN sah-RYEH-neun noo-GUHN-gah-ruhl AH-gin-uh-roh MAN-deul-jee AHN-uh-myuhn-suh bohk-JJAHB-suhng-uhl boh-YUH jool guh-SHIM-nee-dah. Those examples would show complexity without creating villains.
A
참가자들이 의견 충돌을 건설적으로 연습하기를 바랍니다.
chahm-GAH-jah-deu-ree wee-GYUN choong-DOHL-uhl guhn-SUHL-juhg-uh-roh yuhn-SEUP-ha-gee-ruhl bah-RAHM-nee-dah. I want participants to practice disagreement constructively.
B
그렇다면 근거와 말투에 대한 명확한 규칙이 필요합니다.
guh-ruh-TAH-myuhn GUHN-guh-wah MAHL-too-eh deh-HAHN myuhng-HWAK-kahn GYOO-chee-gee pee-RYOH-hahm-nee-dah. Then we need clear rules for evidence and tone.Word by Word
일부
In 일부 참가자들은, this means “some” and limits the reference to part of the participants. It commonly comes before a noun when only part of a group is meant, such as the participants discussed here.
참가자들
참가자들 means “participants” as a group in this workshop context. It is used for people taking part in an event, session, or workshop.
은
In 참가자들은, 은 marks 참가자들 as the topic of the sentence. This form introduces what is said about the participants, here that some of them may resist.
그
그 주제 means “that topic,” referring to the topic already under discussion. 그 is useful when identifying a specific person or thing understood from the context.
주제
주제 means “topic” here, specifically the subject of the workshop. It is used for the subject of a discussion, lesson, session, or presentation.
가
In 주제가, 가 marks 주제 as the subject of the clause. It identifies the topic as the thing that challenges existing habits.
기존
기존의 습관 means “existing habits,” with 기존 describing something already in place. This word is useful when discussing practices, systems, or arrangements that were already established.
의
In 기존의 습관, 의 links 기존 to 습관 and gives the meaning “existing habits.” It commonly connects a noun or noun-like expression to the noun it describes.
습관
습관 means “habit,” referring here to established ways of acting. It is used when discussing repeated personal or group practices that a topic may challenge.
에
In 습관에 도전하기, 에 marks 습관 as the target of the challenge. This use identifies what an action is directed toward.
도전하기
도전하기 means “challenging” in the expression 습관에 도전하기 때문에. The form presents the act of challenging as the reason for possible resistance, and it is useful when describing a challenge directed at a habit or practice.
때문에
In 도전하기 때문에, 때문에 means “because” and introduces the reason for the possible resistance. It is used after a reason when explaining why a situation occurs.
반발할
In 반발할 수 있습니다, 반발할 means “resist” or “push back,” describing a possible reaction from participants. The form appears before 수 있습니다 to express possible resistance in a formal discussion.
수
In 반발할 수 있습니다, 수 expresses possibility rather than an independent concrete object. Together with the preceding verb and 있습니다, it gives the meaning “may be able to” or “may.”
있습니다
In 반발할 수 있습니다, 있습니다 completes the formal possibility expression and makes the sentence mean that resistance may occur. This polite formal ending is suitable for professional explanations and workshop planning.
과거
과거의 결정 means “past decisions,” referring to decisions made earlier. 과거 is useful when distinguishing earlier events or decisions from the current situation.
결정
결정 means “decision” in 과거의 결정에 대해. It is used for a choice or conclusion that can be discussed, evaluated, or questioned.
대해
In 결정에 대해, 대해 means “about” or “regarding” the decisions. This expression is used to introduce the subject of discussion, evaluation, or criticism.
비난받는다고
비난받는다고 presents the idea of being blamed in the expression 비난받는다고 느끼면. It reports what people feel they are experiencing and is useful when discussing perceived criticism of earlier decisions.
느끼면
In 비난받는다고 느끼면, 느끼면 means “if someone feels” and introduces the condition that leads to greater resistance. This form is useful for describing a reaction that occurs when someone has a particular perception.
가능성
가능성이 큽니다 means “the likelihood is high” in this context. 가능성 is used when assessing how likely an event or reaction is.
이
In 가능성이, 이 marks 가능성 as the subject whose degree is being assessed. It identifies likelihood as what is high in the sentence.
큽니다
In 가능성이 큽니다, 큽니다 means “is large,” which describes the likelihood as high. This formal expression is commonly used when evaluating the degree of a possibility or risk.
개인
개인보다는 contrasts individuals with systems in the workshop framing. 개인 is used when referring to one person as an individual rather than to a broader system or group.
보다
In 개인보다는, 보다 introduces the comparison point “rather than” or “compared with.” It is useful when setting one focus against another, here individuals against systems.
는
In 개인보다는, 는 marks the comparison point 개인 as the topic being set aside in favor of systems. This form helps create a contrast within the phrase rather than simply naming an individual.
시스템
시스템 means “system” in 시스템을 중심으로. It refers to the structures or processes around which the session should be framed, and it is useful in professional discussions of how work operates.
을
In 시스템을, 을 marks 시스템 as the object of the phrase 중심으로. It identifies the system as the focus around which the session is organized.
중심
시스템을 중심으로 means “with systems as the focus” or “centered around systems.” 중심 is useful for stating what a meeting, discussion, or plan is organized around.
으로
In 중심으로, 으로 helps express the basis or focus around which something is organized. The phrase 시스템을 중심으로 describes the session as being framed around systems.
세션
세션 means “session,” referring here to the workshop segment being planned. It is used for a scheduled part of a workshop, meeting, or training event.
틀
In 세션의 틀을 잡아야 합니다, 틀 means the frame or framework of the session. This word is useful when discussing the overall structure or way a discussion is presented.
잡아야
In 틀을 잡아야 합니다, 잡아야 means “must shape” or “must set” as part of the obligation to frame the session. It is used when a required action is expressed before 합니다 in a formal sentence.
합니다
In 틀을 잡아야 합니다, 합니다 gives the sentence a formal polite ending and completes the meaning “must frame.” This style is appropriate for professional recommendations and planning discussions.
그러면
그러면 means “then” or “in that case,” linking the proposed systems-focused framing to its expected result. It is useful when drawing a consequence from the previous statement.
방어적인
방어적인 태도 means “defensive attitude,” describing a reaction in which people protect themselves from perceived blame. This form is used before a noun to describe the quality of that attitude.
태도
태도 means “attitude” in 방어적인 태도. It is useful when discussing how someone approaches a conversation, disagreement, or criticism.
줄어들고
In 방어적인 태도가 줄어들고, 줄어들고 means “decreases and” and connects the reduction of defensiveness to the next result. This form is useful for linking two related changes or outcomes.
더
더 솔직한 논의 means “more honest discussion,” with 더 increasing the degree of 솔직한. It is used when comparing the amount or degree of a quality with an earlier or expected level.
솔직한
솔직한 논의 means “honest discussion,” describing discussion that is open and candid. This form is useful before a noun when describing communication that does not conceal relevant views.
논의
논의 means “discussion” in 더 솔직한 논의를 이끌어 낼 수 있습니다. It is used for a focused exchange about an issue, especially in a professional or workshop setting.
를
In 논의를, 를 marks 논의 as the object of 이끌어 낼 수 있습니다. It identifies the discussion as what can be drawn out or encouraged.
이끌어
In 이끌어 낼 수 있습니다, 이끌어 contributes the meaning of leading or drawing something out. Together with 낼, it describes encouraging a more honest discussion rather than simply moving people physically.
낼
In 이끌어 낼 수 있습니다, 낼 contributes the idea of bringing the discussion out into the open. The full expression is useful when describing how a facilitator can draw out a result or response.
합리적인
합리적인 사람들이 means “reasonable people,” describing people whose differing views are presented as understandable rather than villainous. This form is used before a noun to describe a judgment or quality attributed to it.
사람들
사람들 means “people” in 합리적인 사람들. Here it refers to the people whose opinions differed, and it is useful when discussing participants or other people as a group.
의견
의견을 달리한 means that the people “differed in opinion.” 의견 is used for a view or position that people can express, compare, or disagree about.
달리한
In 의견을 달리한 사례, 달리한 means “differed” and describes the people’s differing opinions. It modifies 사례 to identify cases in which reasonable people did not share the same view.
사례
사례 means “example” or “case” in 의견을 달리한 사례. It is useful when referring to a concrete situation included to illustrate an issue.
포함할
In 포함할 수 있을까요, 포함할 means “include” as a possible action being proposed. This form is used before the possibility question to ask whether examples can be added to the session.
있을까요
In 포함할 수 있을까요, 있을까요 makes the question polite and tentative: “could it be possible?” It is useful when making a suggestion or request without stating it too directly.
그런
그런 사례 means “such examples,” referring back to the examples just proposed. 그런 is useful before a noun when pointing to something with the previously mentioned quality or type.
누군가
In 누군가를 악인으로 만들지 않으면서, 누군가 means “someone” whose role is not turned into a villain. It is useful when referring to an unspecified person in a general situation.
악인
악인 means “villain” in 누군가를 악인으로 만들지 않으면서. It refers to a person portrayed as morally bad, and here the word is used to reject that kind of simplistic framing.
만들지
In 만들지 않으면서, 만들지 means “make” within the negative expression “without making.” It identifies the action that is deliberately avoided, namely turning someone into a villain.
않으면서
만들지 않으면서 means “without creating” or “while not creating,” linking an avoided action with the main result. This form is useful when one action is carried out while another action is not carried out.
복잡성
복잡성을 보여 줄 것입니다 means “will show complexity,” referring to the many factors in the cases. 복잡성 is useful when discussing situations that cannot be reduced to a single simple cause or judgment.
보여
In 보여 줄 것입니다, 보여 contributes the meaning “show” or “demonstrate.” Together with 줄 것입니다, it describes what the examples are expected to show.
줄
In 보여 줄 것입니다, 줄 helps express that the examples will show complexity. The full expression is useful for describing an expected effect of examples, explanations, or evidence.
것
In 줄 것입니다, 것 nominalizes the preceding action so it can be presented as an expected fact or outcome. This construction is useful for making a formal prediction about what something will do.
입니다
In 줄 것입니다, 입니다 completes the formal prediction and gives the meaning “will.” This polite formal ending suits a professional explanation of the expected value of the examples.
충돌
의견 충돌을 means “conflict of opinions” or “clash of views.” 충돌 is useful when describing disagreement between positions, especially in a workshop about constructive discussion.
건설적으로
건설적으로 means “constructively” and describes the manner in which participants should practice 의견 충돌. It is useful when disagreement is intended to produce understanding or progress rather than personal blame.
연습하기
In 의견 충돌을 건설적으로 연습하기를 바랍니다, 연습하기 means “practicing” the skill of handling disagreement. This form is useful when describing an activity participants are expected to practice.
바랍니다
연습하기를 바랍니다 means “hope or wish to practice,” expressed in a formal polite way. This wording is useful when stating a professional goal or desired outcome for participants.
그렇다면
그렇다면 means “if so” or “then,” responding directly to the stated wish about constructive practice. It is useful for introducing the next requirement that follows logically from a proposal.
근거
근거와 말투 means “evidence and tone,” identifying two areas that need clear rules. 근거 is useful when discussing the basis or support for a claim, opinion, or disagreement.
와
In 근거와 말투, 와 means “and” and connects the two topics covered by the rules. It is used to join nouns in a list or coordinated phrase.
말투
말투 means “tone” or “manner of speaking” in 근거와 말투. It is useful when discussing how something is said, especially in a sensitive disagreement.
대한
In 말투에 대한 명확한 규칙, 대한 means “about” or “concerning” and links the rules to their subject. This form is used after a noun phrase to describe what a rule, discussion, or statement concerns.
명확한
명확한 규칙 means “clear rules,” describing rules whose meaning is easy to understand. This form is useful before a noun when specifying that guidance should be unambiguous.
규칙
규칙 means “rule” in 근거와 말투에 대한 명확한 규칙. It is used for an agreed instruction that guides behavior during a session or discussion.
필요합니다
필요합니다 means “is needed” in the formal statement that clear rules are necessary. This ending is useful for stating a requirement or practical condition in professional planning.
Grammar Points
-아/어야 하다
의견 충돌을 건설적으로 논의해야 합니다.
wee-GYUN choong-DOHL-uhl guhn-SUHL-juhg-uh-roh noh-NWEE-heh-YAH HAHM-nee-dah.We must discuss disagreements constructively.
The ending -아/어야 하다 expresses necessity or obligation.
-다고 하다
비난받는다고 합니다.
bee-NAHN-bahn-NEUN-dah-goh HAHM-nee-dah.They say they are being criticized.
-다고 하다 reports what someone says or believes.
Korean Vocabulary
가능성
noun
gah-NUHNG-suhng
possibility; likelihood
가능성이
반발할 가능성이 큽니다.
개인
noun
geh-IN
individual; person
개인보다는
개인보다는 시스템을 중심으로
결정
noun
gyuhl-JUHNG
decision
결정에
과거의 결정에 대해
과거의
adj
GWAH-guh-eh
past; former
과거의 결정
기존의
adj
gi-JOHN-eh
existing; established
기존의 습관
도전하다
verb
doh-JUHN-ha-dah
to challenge
도전하기
그 주제가 기존의 습관에 도전하기 때문에
반발하다
verb
bahn-BAHL-ha-dah
to resist; to push back
반발할
반발할 수 있습니다
비난받다
verb
bee-NAHN-bat-ttah
to be blamed; to be criticized
비난받는다고
비난받는다고 느끼면
습관
noun
SUHP-KKWAHN
habit
습관에
기존의 습관에 도전하기 때문에
일부
det
il-BOO
some; a portion
주제
noun
JOO-jeh
topic; subject
주제가
그 주제가 기존의 습관에 도전하기 때문에
참가자
noun
chahm-GAH-jah
participant
참가자들은
일부 참가자들은 그 주제가 기존의 습관에 도전하기 때문에 반발할 수 있습니다.
Quiz
Word Order
Arrange the words in the correct order.
I want participants to practice disagreement constructively.
Show Answer
참가자들이 의견 충돌을 건설적으로 연습하기를 바랍니다.Spelling
Tap the letters to spell the word.
to challenge
Show Answer
도전하기participant
Show Answer
참가자들은possibility; likelihood
Show Answer
가능성이to be blamed; to be criticized